Allah mentioned what Musa said when he prayed against Fir`awn and his chiefs
after they refused to accept the truth. They continued to go astray and be
haughty and arrogant. Musa said:
[رَبَّنَآ إِنَّكَ
ءاتَيْتَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلاّهُ زِينَةً]
(Our Lord! You have indeed bestowed on Fir`awn and his chiefs splendor) and
pleasure of this worldly life.
[وَأَمْوَالاً]
(and wealth) plentiful and abundant. Allah's statement,
[فِى الْحَيَوةِ
الدُّنْيَا رَبَّنَا لِيُضِلُّواْ عَن سَبِيلِكَ]
(in the life of this world, Our Lord! That they may lead men astray from Your
path.) was read with the word "Liyadillu'' and "Liyudillu.'' The first is with a
Fathah over the Ya, meaning that "You have given them that while You know they
would not believe in what You have sent me with to them. You did that so they
would gradually be drawn away from the truth.'' As Allah said:
[لِنَفْتِنَهُمْ
فِيهِ]
(that We may test them thereby.)(20:131) and (72:17). Others read the word
with a Dammah over the Ya. (i.e. Liyudillu) This makes the Ayah mean: You have
given them that so whoever You willed from among Your creatures will be tried.
Those whom You wish to misguide would think that You have given them that
because You loved them and You cared about them.''
[رَبَّنَا اطْمِسْ
عَلَى أَمْوَلِهِمْ]
("Our Lord! Destroy their wealth,'') Ibn `Abbas and Mujahid said: "They asked
Allah to destroy their wealth.'' Ad-Dahhak, Abu Al-`Aliyah and Ar-Rabi`a bin
Anas said: "Allah made their wealth into engraved stones as it was before.''
About Allah's statement,
[وَاشْدُدْ عَلَى
قُلُوبِهِمْ]
(and harden their hearts) Ibn `Abbas said, "Harden their hearts means put a
seal on them.''
[فَلاَ يُؤْمِنُواْ
حَتَّى يَرَوُاْ الْعَذَابَ الاٌّلِيمَ]
(so that they will not believe until they see the painful torment.) This
prayer was from Musa because he was angry for the sake of Allah and His
religion. He prayed against Fir`awn and his chiefs when he was certain that
there was no good in them. Similarly, Nuh prayed and said:
[وَقَالَ نُوحٌ
رَّبِّ لاَ تَذَرْ عَلَى الاٌّرْضِ مِنَ الْكَـفِرِينَ دَيَّاراً - إِنَّكَ إِن
تَذَرْهُمْ يُضِلُّواْ عِبَادَكَ وَلاَ يَلِدُواْ إِلاَّ فَاجِراً كَفَّاراً
]
(My Lord! Leave not one of the disbelievers on the earth! If You leave them,
they will mislead Your servants, and they will beget none but wicked
disbelievers.) (71:26-27) Harun said "Amin'' to his brother's prayer. And Allah
answered Musa's prayer. Allah said:
[قَدْ أُجِيبَتْ
دَّعْوَتُكُمَا]
(Verily, the invocation of you both is accepted.) `in destroying Fir`awn's
people.
[قَدْ أُجِيبَتْ
دَّعْوَتُكُمَا فَاسْتَقِيمَا]
(Verily I have answered your prayers (both of you). So you both keep to the
straight way) So as I have answered your prayer, you should remain steadfast on
My command.' Ibn Jurayj narrated that Ibn `Abbas said about this Ayah: "Be
steadfast and follow My command.''
[وَجَاوَزْنَا
بِبَنِى إِسْرَءِيلَ الْبَحْرَ فَأَتْبَعَهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ وَجُنُودُهُ بَغْيًا
وَعَدْوًا حَتَّى إِذَآ أَدْرَكَهُ الْغَرَقُ قَالَ ءَامَنتُ أَنَّهُ لا إِلِـهَ
إِلاَّ الَّذِى ءَامَنَتْ بِهِ بَنواْ إِسْرَءِيلَ وَأَنَاْ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ -
ءَالَنَ وَقَدْ عَصَيْتَ قَبْلُ وَكُنتَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ - فَالْيَوْمَ
نُنَجِّيكَ بِبَدَنِكَ لِتَكُونَ لِمَنْ خَلْفَكَ ءَايَةً وَإِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِّنَ
النَّاسِ عَنْ ءايَـتِنَا لَغَـفِلُونَ ]
(90. And We took the Children of Israel across the sea, and Fir`awn with his
hosts followed them in oppression and enmity, till when drowning overtook him,
he (Fira`wn) said: "I believe that none has the right to be worshipped but He in
Whom the Children of Israel believe, and I am one of the Muslims.'') (91. Now
(you believe) while you refused to believe before and you were one of the
mischief-makers. ) (92. So this day We shall deliver your (dead) body (out from
the sea) that you may be a sign to those who come after you! And verily, many
among mankind are heedless of Our Ayat.)
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