Allah, the Exalted, informs about mankind and the blameworthy characteristics
that he possesses, except for those believing servants upon whom Allah has
bestowed His mercy. Allah explains that when any hardship befalls man, after he
has experienced blessings, he is disheartened and he despairs of any good in the
future. He denies and rejects (the bounties of) his previous condition. Thus, he
behaves as if he has never seen any good and he loses all hope for relief (from
his situation). Likewise, if any blessing befalls him after displeasure,
[لَيَقُولَنَّ ذَهَبَ
السَّيِّئَاتُ عَنِّي]
(he is sure to say, "Ills have departed from me.'') This means that he will
claim that no harm or calamity will afflict him after this (blessing).
[إِنَّهُ لَفَرِحٌ
فَخُورٌ]
(Surely, he is exultant and boastful (ungrateful to Allah).) This means that
he is pleased with what he has in his hand and ungrateful (to Allah). At the
same time he is boastful towards others. Allah, the Exalted, then says,
[إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ
صَبَرُواْ]
(Except those who show patience) meaning, those who show patience during
times of hardship and adversity. In reference to Allah's statement,
[وَعَمِلُواْ
الصَّـلِحَاتِ]
(and do righteous good deeds) This means that they perform the good deeds in
times of ease and good health. Concerning the statement,
[أُوْلَـئِكَ لَهُمْ
مَّغْفِرَةٌ]
(those, theirs will be forgiveness) meaning, that they will be forgiven due
to the calamities that afflicted them. Concerning Allah's statement,
[وَأَجْرٌ
كَبِيرٌ]
(and a great reward.) This great reward is due to them because of what they
sent forth (of good deeds) in their times of ease. This is similar to what is
mentioned in the Hadith,
«وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي
بِيَدِهِ لَا يُصِيبُ الْمُؤْمِنَ هَمٌّ وَلَا غَمٌّ وَلَا نَصَبٌ وَلَا وَصَبٌ
وَلَا حَزَنٌ، حَتَّى الشَّوْكَةُ يُشَاكُهَا إِلَّا كَفَّرَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِهَا
مِنْ خَطَايَاه»
(By He in Whose Hand is my soul! No worry, calamity, distress, illness, or
grief strikes a believer, even the prick of a thorn, except that Allah will
expiate his sins for him because of it.) In the Sahih it is recorded that the
Prophet said,
«وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي
بِيَدِهِ لَا يَقْضِي اللهُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ قَضَاءً إِلَّا كَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُ، إِنْ
أَصَابَتْهُ سَرَّاءُ فَشَكَرَ كَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُ، وَإِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ ضَرَّاءُ
فَصَبَرَ كَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُ، وَلَيْسَ ذَلِكَ لِأَحَدٍ غَيْرِ الْمُؤْمِن»
(By He in Whose Hand is my soul! Allah does not decree any matter for the
believer except that it is good for him. If any blessing befalls him, he is
thankful (to Allah) and that is good for him. If any harm comes to him, he is
patient and that is also good for him. This is (a bounty) exclusively for the
believer.) For this reason, Allah, the Exalted, says,
[وَالْعَصْرِ - إِنَّ
الإِنسَـنَ لَفِى خُسْرٍ - إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ
وَتَوَاصَوْاْ بِالْحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوْاْ بِالصَّبْرِ ]
(By Al-`Asr (the time). Verily, man is in loss. Except those who believe and
do righteous good deeds. And recommend one another to the truth and recommend
one another to patience.) [103:1-3] Allah also says,
[إِنَّ الإِنسَـنَ
خُلِقَ هَلُوعاً ]
(Verily, man was created very impatient.) [70:19]
[فَلَعَلَّكَ تَارِكٌ
بَعْضَ مَا يُوحَى إِلَيْكَ وَضَآئِقٌ بِهِ صَدْرُكَ أَن يَقُولُواْ لَوْلاَ
أُنُزِلَ عَلَيْهِ كَنزٌ أَوْ جَآءَ مَعَهُ مَلَكٌ إِنَّمَآ أَنتَ نَذِيرٌ
وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ وَكِيلٌ - أَمْ يَقُولُونَ افْتَرَاهُ قُلْ فَأْتُواْ
بِعَشْرِ سُوَرٍ مِّثْلِهِ مُفْتَرَيَاتٍ وَادْعُواْ مَنِ اسْتَطَعْتُمْ مِّن دُونِ
اللَّهِ إِن كُنتُمْ صَـدِقِينَ - فَإِلَّمْ يَسْتَجِيبُواْ لَكُمْ فَاعْلَمُواْ
أَنَّمَآ أُنزِلِ بِعِلْمِ اللَّهِ وَأَن لاَّ إِلَـهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ فَهَلْ أَنتُمْ
مُّسْلِمُونَ ]
(12. So perchance you may give up a part of what is revealed unto you, and
that your breast feels straitened for it because they say, "Why has not a
treasure been sent down unto him, or an angel come with him'' But you are only a
warner. And Allah is a Guardian over all things.) (13. Or they say, "He forged
it.'' Say: "Bring you then ten forged Surahs like unto it, and call whomsoever
you can, other than Allah, if you speak the truth!'') (14. If then they answer
you not, know then that it is sent down with the knowledge of Allah and that
there is no god besides Him! Will you then be Muslims)
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