Allah informs us that when it is said to those liars,
[مَّاذَآ أَنزَلَ
رَبُّكُمْ قَالُواْ]
("What is it that your Lord has revealed'' They say,) not wanting to answer,
[أَسَـطِيرُ
الاٌّوَّلِينَ]
("Tales of the men of old!'') meaning nothing is revealed to him, what he is
reciting to us is just tales of the men of old, taken from the previous Books.
As Allah says,
[وَقَالُواْ
أَسَـطِيرُ الاٌّوَّلِينَ اكْتَتَبَهَا فَهِىَ تُمْلَى عَلَيْهِ بُكْرَةً
وَأَصِيلاً ]
(And they say: "Tales of the ancients, which he has written down, and they
are dictated to him morning and afternoon.'') (25:5) i.e., they tell lies
against the Messenger and say things contradicting one another, but all of it is
false, as Allah says,
[انْظُرْ كَيْفَ
ضَرَبُواْ لَكَ الاٌّمْثَالَ فَضَلُّواْ فَلاَ يَسْتَطِيعْونَ سَبِيلاً ]
(Look at the parables they make of you, so they have gone astray, and they
are not able to find the right way.)(17:48) Once they have gone beyond the
bounds of the truth, whatever they say will be in error. They used to say that
he (the Prophet ) was a sorcerer, a poet, a soothsayer, or a madman, then they
settled on an idea proposed by their leader, an individual known as Al-Walid bin
Al-Mughirah Al-Makhzumi, when:
[إِنَّهُ فَكَّرَ
وَقَدَّرَ - فَقُتِلَ كَيْفَ قَدَّرَ - ثُمَّ قُتِلَ كَيْفَ قَدَّرَ - ثُمَّ نَظَرَ
- ثُمَّ عَبَسَ وَبَسَرَ - ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ وَاسْتَكْبَرَ - فَقَالَ إِنْ هَـذَآ
إِلاَّ سِحْرٌ يُؤْثَرُ ]
(He thought, and plotted. So let him be cursed, how he plotted! And once more
let him be cursed, how he plotted! Then he thought. Then he frowned and he
looked in a bad tempered way; then he turned back, and was proud. Then he said:
"This is nothing but the magic of old.'') (74:18-24) meaning something that had
been transmitted and passed down. So they dispersed having agreed on this
opinion, may Allah punish them.
[لِيَحْمِلُواْ
أَوْزَارَهُمْ كَامِلَةً يَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ وَمِنْ أَوْزَارِ الَّذِينَ
يُضِلُّونَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ]
(They will bear their own burdens in full on the Day of Resurrection, and
also of the burdens of those whom they misled without knowledge.) meaning, `We
decreed that they would say that, so they will carry the burden of their own
sins and some of the burden of those who followed them and agreed with them,'
i.e., they will be held guilty not only for going astray themselves, but also
for tempting others and having them follow them. As it says in a Hadith:
«مَنْ دَعَا إِلَى
هُدًى كَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ مِثْلُ أُجُورِ مَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ، لَا يَنْقُصُ
ذَلِكَ مِنْ أُجُورِهِمْ شَيْئًا، وَمَنْ دَعَا إِلَى ضَلَالَةٍ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ
مِنَ الْإِثْمِ مِثْلُ آثَامِ مَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ، لَا يَنْقُصُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ
آثَامِهِمْ شَيْئًا»
(Whoever invites people to guidance, he will receive a reward like that of
those who follow him, without diminishing their reward in the least. And whoever
invites people to misguidance, he will bear a burden of sin like that of those
who follow him, without diminishing their burden in the least.) Allah says;
[وَلَيَحْمِلُنَّ
أَثْقَالَهُمْ وَأَثْقَالاً مَّعَ أَثْقَالِهِمْ وَلَيُسْـَلُنَّ يَوْمَ
الْقِيَـمَةِ عَمَّا كَانُواْ يَفْتَرُونَ ]
(They shall bear their own loads, and other loads besides their own; and they
shall be questioned about their false allegations on the Day of Resurrection.)
(29:13) Al-`Awfi reported from Ibn `Abbas that it is like the Ayah:
[لِيَحْمِلُواْ
أَوْزَارَهُمْ كَامِلَةً يَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ وَمِنْ أَوْزَارِ الَّذِينَ
يُضِلُّونَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ]
(That they may bear their own burdens in full on the Day of Resurrection, and
also of the burdens of those whom they misled without knowledge.) (16:25) Allah
says,
[وَلَيَحْمِلُنَّ
أَثْقَالَهُمْ وَأَثْقَالاً مَّعَ أَثْقَالِهِمْ]
(They shall bear their own loads, and other loads besides their own) (29:13).
Mujahid said: "They will bear the burden of their own sins, and they will bear
the sins of those who obeyed them, but that will not lessen the punishment of
those who obeyed them at all.''
[قَدْ مَكَرَ
الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ فَأَتَى اللَّهُ بُنْيَـنَهُمْ مِّنَ الْقَوَاعِدِ
فَخَرَّ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّقْفُ مِن فَوْقِهِمْ وَأَتَـهُمُ الْعَذَابُ مِنْ حَيْثُ
لاَ يَشْعُرُونَ - ثُمَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ يُخْزِيهِمْ وَيَقُولُ أَيْنَ
شُرَكَآئِىَ الَّذِينَ كُنتُمْ تُشَـقُّونَ فِيهِمْ قَالَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ
الْعِلْمَ إِنَّ الْخِزْىَ الْيَوْمَ وَالْسُّوءَ عَلَى الْكَـفِرِينَ ]
(26. Those before them indeed plotted, but Allah struck at the foundation of
their building, the roof fell down upon them from above them, and the torment
overtook them from directions they did not perceive.) (27. Then, on the Day of
Resurrection, He will disgrace them and will say: "Where are My (so-called)
partners, those over which you caused so much discord'' Those who have been
given the knowledge will say: "Indeed it is a Day of disgrace and misery for the
disbelievers.'')
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