Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas said: "This is the example which Allah
gives of the disbeliever and the believer.'' This was also the view of Qatadah
and Ibn Jarir. The servant who has no power over anything is like the
disbeliever, and the one who is given good provisions and spends of them
secretly and openly is like the believer. Ibn Abi Najih reported that Mujahid
said: "This is an example given of the idol and the True God - can they be the
same'' Once the difference between them is so clear and so obvious, no one can
be unaware of it except the one who is foolish. Allah says:
[الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ
بَلْ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لاَ يَعْلَمُونَ]
(All the praises and thanks are to Allah. Nay! (But) most of them know not.)
[وَضَرَبَ اللَّهُ
مَثَلاً رَّجُلَيْنِ أَحَدُهُمَآ أَبْكَمُ لاَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى شَىْءٍ وَهُوَ كَلٌّ
عَلَى مَوْلاهُ أَيْنَمَا يُوَجِّههُّ لاَ يَأْتِ بِخَيْرٍ هَلْ يَسْتَوِى هُوَ
وَمَن يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَهُوَ عَلَى صِرَطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ ]
(76. And Allah gives an example of two men, one of them dumb, who has no
power over anything, and he is a burden on his master; whichever way he directs
him, he brings no good. Is such a man equal to one who commands justice, and is
himself on the straight path)
Another Example
Mujahid said, "This also refers to idols and the True God, may He be
exalted.'' Meaning that the idol is dumb and cannot speak or say anything, good
or otherwise. It cannot do anything at all, no words, no action, it is dependent
and is a burden on its master.
[أَيْنَمَا
يُوَجِّههُّ]
(whichever way he directs him,) meaning, wherever he sends him
[لاَ يَأْتِ
بِخَيْرٍ]
(he brings no good.) meaning, he does not succeed in what he wants.
[هَلْ
يَسْتَوِى]
(Is such a man equal) meaning, a man who has these attributes
[وَمَن يَأْمُرُ
بِالْعَدْلِ]
(to one who commands justice) meaning fairness, one whose words are true and
whose deeds are righteous.
[وَهُوَ عَلَى صِرَطٍ
مُّسْتَقِيمٍ]
(and is himself on the straight path) Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas said:
"This is also an example of the disbeliever and the believer'', as in the
previous Ayah.
[وَلِلَّهِ غَيْبُ
السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ وَمَآ أَمْرُ السَّاعَةِ إِلاَّ كَلَمْحِ الْبَصَرِ أَوْ
هُوَ أَقْرَبُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ - وَاللَّهُ أَخْرَجَكُم
مِّن بُطُونِ أُمَّهَـتِكُمْ لاَ تَعْلَمُونَ شَيْئًا وَجَعَلَ لَكُمُ الْسَّمْعَ
وَالاٌّبْصَـرَ وَالأَفْئِدَةَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ - أَلَمْ يَرَوْاْ إِلَى
الطَّيْرِ مُسَخَّرَتٍ فِى جَوِّ السَّمَآءِ مَا يُمْسِكُهُنَّ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ
إِنَّ فِى ذلِكَ لآيَـتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يُؤْمِنُونَ ]
(77. And to Allah belongs the Unseen of the heavens and the earth. And the
matter of the Hour is not but as a twinkling of the eye, or even nearer. Truly,
Allah is able to do all things.) (78. And Allah has brought you out from the
wombs of your mothers while you knew nothing. And He gave you hearing, sight,
and hearts, that you might give thanks.) (79. Do they not see the birds held
(flying) in the midst of the sky None holds them up but Allah. Verily, in this
are clear signs for people who believe.)
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