Allah, the Exalted, informs of Maryam's situation when she was commanded to
fast that day and not to speak to any human being. For verily, her affair would
be taken care of and her proof would be established. Thus, she accepted the
command of Allah and she readily received His decree. She took her child and
brought him to her people, carrying him. When they saw her like this they made a
big deal about her situation and they sternly protested against of it, and
[قَالُواْ يمَرْيَمُ
لَقَدْ جِئْتِ شَيْئاً فَرِيّاً]
(They said: "O Mary! Indeed you have brought a thing Fariy.'') Fariy means a
mighty thing. This was said by Mujahid, Qatadah, As-Suddi and others. Ibn Abi
Hatim reported from Nawf Al-Bikali that he said, "Her people went out searching
for her, she was from a family that was blessed with prophethood and nobility.
However, they could not find any trace of her. They came across a cow herder and
they asked him, `Have you seen a girl whose description is such and such' He
replied, `No, but tonight I saw my cows doing something that I've never seen
them do before.' They asked, `What did you see' He said, `Tonight I saw them
prostrating in the direction of that valley.''' `Abdullah bin Ziyad said (adding
to the narration), "I memorized from Sayyar that he (the cattle herder) said, `I
saw a radiant light.' '' So they went towards the direction that he told him,
and Maryam was coming towards them from that direction. When she saw them she
sat down and she was holding her child in her lap. They came towards her until
they were standing over her.
[قَالُواْ يمَرْيَمُ
لَقَدْ جِئْتِ شَيْئاً فَرِيّاً]
(They said: "O Mary! Indeed you have brought a mighty thing (Fariy).'') This
means it was a mighty thing that she had brought.
[يأُخْتَ
هَـرُونَ]
(O sister of Harun!) This means, "O one resembling Harun (Aaron) in
worship.''
[مَا كَانَ أَبُوكِ
امْرَأَ سَوْءٍ وَمَا كَانَتْ أُمُّكِ بَغِيّاً]
(Your father was not a man who used to commit adultery, nor your mother was
an unchaste woman.) They meant, "You are from a good, pure family, well-known
for its righteousness, worship and abstinence from worldy indulgence. How could
you do such a thing'' `Ali bin Abi Talhah and As-Suddi both said, "It was said
to her,
[يأُخْتَ
هَـرُونَ]
(O sister of Harun!) referring to the brother of Musa, because she was of his
descendants. This is similar to the saying, `O brother of Tamim,' to one who is
from the Tamimi tribe, and `O brother of Mudar,' to one who is from the Mudari
tribe. It has also been said that she was related to a righteous man among them
whose name was Harun and she was comparable to him in her abstinence and
worship. Concerning Allah's statement,
[فَأَشَارَتْ
إِلَيْهِ قَالُواْ كَيْفَ نُكَلِّمُ مَن كَانَ فِى الْمَهْدِ صَبِيّاً ]
(Then she pointed to him. They said: "How can we talk to one who is a child
in the cradle'') This is what took place while they were in doubt about her
situation, condeming her circumstances, saying what they wanted to say. At that
time they were slandering her and falsely accusing her of a horrendous act. On
that day she was fasting and keeping silent. Therefore, she referred all speech
to him (the child) and she directed them to his address and speech to them. They
scoffed at her because they thought that she was mocking at them and playing
with them. They said,
[كَيْفَ نُكَلِّمُ
مَن كَانَ فِى الْمَهْدِ صَبِيّاً]
(How can we talk to one who is a child in the cradle) Maymun bin Mahran said,
[فَأَشَارَتْ
إِلَيْهِ]
(Then she pointed to him.) "She indicated, `Speak to him.' They then said,
`After she has come to us with this calamity, she now commands us to speak to
one who is a child in the cradle!''' As-Suddi said, "When she pointed to him
they became angry and said, `Her mocking us, to the extent of commanding us to
speak to this child, is worse to us than her fornication.' ''
[قَالُواْ كَيْفَ
نُكَلِّمُ مَن كَانَ فِى الْمَهْدِ صَبِيّاً]
(They said: "How can we talk to one who is a child in the cradle'') This
means, "How can someone speak who is in his cradle, in the state of infancy and
a child'' `Isa said,
[إِنِّى عَبْدُ
اللَّهِ]
(Verily, I am a servant of Allah,) The first thing that he said was a
declaration of the lofty honor of his Lord and His being free of having a child.
Also, he affirmed that he himself was a worshipper of his Lord. Allah said,
[ءَاتَانِىَ
الْكِتَـبَ وَجَعَلَنِى نَبِيّاً]
(He has given me the Scripture and made me a Prophet.) This was a declaration
of innocence for his mother from the immorality that was attributed to her. Nawf
Al-Bikali said, "When they said what they said to his mother, he (`Isa) was
nursing from her breast. At their statement he released the breast from his
mouth and reclined on his left saying,
[إِنِّى عَبْدُ
اللَّهِ ءَاتَانِىَ الْكِتَـبَ وَجَعَلَنِى نَبِيّاً]
(Verily, I am a servant of Allah, He has given me the Scripture and made me a
Prophet.) And he continued speaking until he said,
[مَا دُمْتُ
حَيّاً]
(as long as I live.)'' Concerning his statement,
[وَجَعَلَنِى
مُبَارَكاً أَيْنَ مَا كُنتُ]
(And He has made me blessed wherever I be,) Mujahid, `Amr bin Qays and
Ath-Thawri all said that this means, "And He made me a teacher of goodness.'' In
another narration from Mujahid, he said, "A person of great benefit.'' Ibn Jarir
reported from Wuhayb bin Al-Ward, a freed slave of the Bani Makhzum tribe, that
he said, "A scholar met another scholar who had more knowledge than himself. So
he said to him, `May Allah have mercy upon you, what acts of mine should I
perform openly' The other replied, `Commanding good and forbidding evil, for
verily, it is the religion of Allah, which He sent His Prophets with to His
servants.' The scholars have indeed agreed upon the statement of Allah,
[وَجَعَلَنِى
مُبَارَكاً أَيْنَ مَا كُنتُ]
(And He has made me blessed wherever I be,) Then it was said, `What was his
blessing' He (Wuhayb) replied, `Commanding good and forbidding evil wherever he
was.' '' His saying,
[وَأَوْصَانِى
بِالصَّلَوةِ وَالزَّكَوةِ مَا دُمْتُ حَيّاً]
(and He has enjoined on me [Awsani] Salah and Zakah, as long as I live.) This
is similar to the statement of Allah to Muhammad ,
[وَاعْبُدْ رَبَّكَ
حَتَّى يَأْتِيَكَ الْيَقِينُ ]
(And worship your Lord until there comes unto you the certainty (i.e.
death).) [15:99] `Abdur-Rahman bin Al-Qasim reported from Malik bin Anas that he
commented on Allah's statement,
[وَأَوْصَانِى
بِالصَّلَوةِ وَالزَّكَوةِ مَا دُمْتُ حَيّاً]
(and He has enjoined on me [Awsani] Salah and Zakah, as long as I live.) He
said, "Allah informed him of what would be of his affair until his death. This
is the firmest evidence against the people who deny Allah's preordained
decree.'' Concerning Allah's statement,
[وَبَرّاً
بِوَالِدَتِى]
(And to be dutiful to my mother.) This means, "He (Allah) has commanded me to
treat my mother well.'' He mentioned this after mentioning obedience to his
Lord, Allah. This is because Allah often combines the command to worship Him
with obedience to the parents. This is similar to Allah's statement,
[وَقَضَى رَبُّكَ
أَلاَّ تَعْبُدُواْ إِلاَّ إِيَّـهُ وَبِالْوَلِدَيْنِ إِحْسَـناً]
(And your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him and that you be
dutiful to your parents.) [17:23] And He, the Exalted, said,
[أَنِ اشْكُرْ لِى
وَلِوَلِدَيْكَ إِلَىَّ الْمَصِيرُ]
(Give thanks to Me and to your parents. Unto Me is the final destination.)
[31:14] Concerning his statement,
[وَلَمْ يَجْعَلْنِى
جَبَّاراً شَقِيّاً]
(and He made me not arrogant, unblessed.) This means, "He (Allah) has not
made me too proud or arrogant to worship Him, obey Him and be dutiful to my
mother, and thus be unblessed.'' Concerning Allah's statement,
[وَالسَّلَـمُ
عَلَىَّ يَوْمَ وُلِدْتُّ وَيَوْمَ أَمُوتُ وَيَوْمَ أُبْعَثُ حَيّاً ]
(And Salam (peace) be upon me the day I was born, and the day I die, and the
day I shall be raised alive!) This is his affirmation that `he is a worshipper
of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, and that he is a creature created by Allah. He
(`Isa) will live, die and be resurrected, just like the other creatures that
Allah has created. However, he will have peace in these situations, which are
the most difficult situations for Allah's creatures.' May Allah's peace and
blessings be upon him.
[ذلِكَ عِيسَى ابْنُ
مَرْيَمَ قَوْلَ الْحَقِّ الَّذِى فِيهِ يَمْتُرُونَ - مَا كَانَ للَّهِ أَن
يَتَّخِذَ مِن وَلَدٍ سُبْحَـنَهُ إِذَا قَضَى أَمْراً فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُ كُن
فَيَكُونُ - وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ رَبِّى وَرَبُّكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوهُ هَـذَا صِرَطٌ
مُّسْتَقِيمٌ - فَاخْتَلَفَ الاٌّحْزَابُ مِن بَيْنِهِمْ فَوْيْلٌ لِّلَّذِينَ
كَفَرُواْ مِن مَّشْهِدِ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ ]
(34. Such is `Isa, son of Maryam. Qawlal-Haqq [it is a statement of truth]
about which they doubt (or dispute).) (35. It befits not (the majesty of) Allah
that He should beget a son. Glorified be He. When He decrees a thing, He only
says to it: "Be!'' -- and it is.) (36. [`Isa said]: "And verily, Allah is my
Lord and your Lord. So worship Him. That is the straight path.'') (37. Then the
sects differed, so woe unto the disbelievers from the meeting of a great
Day.)
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