Allah said,
﴿أُوْلَـئِكَ﴾
(They are) refers to those who believe in the Unseen, establish the prayer, spend
from what Allah has granted them, believe in what Allah has revealed to the Messenger
and the Messengers before him, believe in the Hereafter with certainty, and prepare
the necessary requirements for the Hereafter by performing good deeds and avoiding
the prohibitions. Allah then said,
﴿عَلَى هُدًى﴾
(On guidance) meaning, they are (following) a light, guidance, and have insight
from Allah,
﴿وَأُوْلَـئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ﴾
(And they are the successful) meaning, in this world and the Hereafter. They shall
have what they seek and be saved from the evil that they tried to avoid. Therefore,
they will have rewards, eternal life in Paradise, and safety from the torment that
Allah has prepared for His enemies.
﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ
كَفَرُواْ سَوَآءٌ عَلَيْهِمْ ءَأَنذَرْتَهُمْ أَمْ لَمْ تُنذِرْهُمْ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ
﴾
(6. Verily, those who disbelieve, it is the same to them whether you warn them or
do not warn them, they will not believe.)
Allah said,
﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ﴾
(Verily, those who disbelieve) meaning, covered the truth and hid it. Since Allah
has written that they would do so, it does not matter if you (O Muhammad ) warn
them or not, they would still have disbelieved in what you were sent with. Similarly,
Allah said,
﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ حَقَّتْ عَلَيْهِمْ
كَلِمَةُ رَبِّكَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ - وَلَوْ جَآءَتْهُمْ كُلُّ ءايَةٍ حَتَّى يَرَوُاْ
الْعَذَابَ الاٌّلِيمَ ﴾
(Truly, those against whom the Word (wrath) of your Lord has been justified, will
not believe. Even if every sign should come to them, until they see the painful
torment) (10:96-97).
About the rebellious People of the Book, Allah said,
﴿وَلَئِنْ أَتَيْتَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ
الْكِتَـبَ بِكُلِّ ءَايَةٍ مَّا تَبِعُواْ قِبْلَتَكَ﴾
(And even if you were to bring to the People of the Book (Jews and Christians) all
the Ayat, they would not follow your Qiblah (prayer direction)) (2:5).
These Ayat indicate that whomever Allah has written to be miserable, they shall
never find anyone to guide them to happiness, and whomever Allah directs to misguidance,
he shall never find anyone to guide him. So do not pity them - O Muhammad - deliver
the Message to them. Certainly, whoever among them accepts the Message, then he
shall gain the best rewards. As for those who turn away in rejection, do not feel
sad for them or concerned about them, for
﴿فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْكَ الْبَلَـغُ وَعَلَيْنَا
الْحِسَابُ﴾
(Your duty is only to convey (the Message) and on Us is the reckoning) (13: 40),
and,
﴿إِنَّمَآ أَنتَ نَذِيرٌ وَاللَّهُ
عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ وَكِيلٌ﴾
(But you are only a warner. And Allah is a Wakil (Disposer of affairs, Trustee,
Guardian) over all things) (11:12).
`Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas said about Allah's statement,
﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ سَوَآءٌ
عَلَيْهِمْ ءَأَنذَرْتَهُمْ أَمْ لَمْ تُنذِرْهُمْ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ ﴾
(Verily, those who disbelieve, it is the same to them whether you (O Muhammad )
warn them or do not warn them, they will not believe) "That the Messenger of Allah
was eager for all the people to believe and follow the guidance he was sent with.
Allah informed him that none would believe except for those whom He decreed happiness
for in the first place, and none would stray except those who Allah has decreed
to do so in the first place.''
﴿خَتَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَى
قُلُوبِهِمْ وَعَلَى سَمْعِهِمْ وَعَلَى أَبْصَـرِهِمْ غِشَـوَةٌ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ
عظِيمٌ ﴾
(7. Allah has set a seal on their hearts and on their hearing, and on their eyes
there is a covering. Theirs will be a great torment).
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