Allah commanded the Prophet Muhammad to proclaim to the disbelievers,
﴿سَتُغْلَبُونَ﴾
(You will be defeated) in this life,
﴿وَتُحْشَرُونَ﴾
(And gathered together) on the Day of Resurrection,
﴿إِلَى جَهَنَّمَ وَبِئْسَ الْمِهَادُ﴾
(to Hell, and worst indeed is that place of rest)
Muhammad bin Ishaq bin Yasar recorded that `Asim bin `Umar bin Qatadah said that
when the Messenger of Allah gained victory in the battle of Badr and went back to
Al-Madinah, he gathered the Jews in the marketplace of Bani Qaynuqa`.
Therefore, Allah said,
﴿قَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ ءَايَةٌ﴾
(There has already been a sign for you) meaning, O Jews, who said what you said!
You have an Ayah, meaning proof, that Allah will make His religion prevail, award
victory to His Messenger, make His Word apparent and His religion the highest.
﴿فِي فِئَتَيْنِ﴾
(In the two armies) meaning, two camps,
﴿الْتَقَتَا﴾
(that met) in combat (in Badr),
﴿فِئَةٌ تُقَـتِلُ فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ﴾
(One was fighting in the Cause of Allah) the Muslims,
﴿وَأُخْرَى كَافِرَةٌ﴾
(And as for the other, in disbelief) meaning, the idolators of Quraysh at Badr.
Allah's statement,
﴿يَرَوْنَهُمْ مِّثْلَيْهِمْ رَأْىَ
الْعَيْنِ﴾
(They saw them with their own eyes twice their number) means, the idolators thought
that the Muslims were twice as many as they were, for Allah made this illusion a
factor in the victory that Islam had over them.
It was said that the meaning of Allah's statement,
﴿يَرَوْنَهُمْ مِّثْلَيْهِمْ رَأْىَ
الْعَيْنِ﴾
(They saw them with their own eyes twice their number) is that the Muslims saw twice
as many idolators as they were, yet Allah gave them victory over the disbelievers.
`Abdullah bin Mas`ud said, "When we looked at the disbelievers' forces, we found
that they were twice as many as we were. When we looked at them again, we thought
they did not have one man more than we had. So Allah's statement,
﴿وَإِذْ يُرِيكُمُوهُمْ إِذِ الْتَقَيْتُمْ
فِى أَعْيُنِكُمْ قَلِيلاً وَيُقَلِّلُكُمْ فِى أَعْيُنِهِمْ﴾
(And (remember) when you met, He showed them to you as few in your eyes and He made
you appear as few in their eyes.) ﴿8:44﴾''.
When the two camps saw each other, the Muslims thought that the idolators were twice
as many as they were, so that they would trust in Allah and seek His help. The idolators
thought that the believers were twice as many as they were, so that they would feel
fear, horror, fright and despair. When the two camps stood in lines and met in battle,
Allah made each camp look smaller in the eyes of the other camp, so that they would
be encouraged to fight each other,
﴿لِّيَقْضِيَ اللَّهُ أَمْراً كَانَ
مَفْعُولاً﴾
(so that Allah might accomplish a matter already ordained.) ﴿8:42﴾ meaning, so that
the truth and falsehood are distinguishable, and thus the word of faith prevails
over disbelief and deviation, so that the believers prevail and the disbelievers
are humiliated. In a similar statement, Allah said;
﴿وَلَقَدْ نَصَرَكُمُ اللَّهُ بِبَدْرٍ
وَأَنتُمْ أَذِلَّةٌ﴾
(And Allah has already made you victorious at Badr, when you were a weak little
force) ﴿3:123﴾. In this Ayah ﴿3:13﴾ Allah said,
﴿وَاللَّهُ يُؤَيِّدُ بِنَصْرِهِ مَن
يَشَآءُ إِنَّ فِى ذَلِكَ لَعِبْرَةً لاوْلِى الاٌّبْصَـرِ﴾
(And Allah supports with His victory whom He wills. Verily, in this is a lesson
for those who understand.) meaning, this should be an example for those who have
intelligence and sound comprehension. They should contemplate about Allah's wisdom,
decisions and decree, that He gives victory to His believing servants in this life
and on the Day the witnesses stand up to testify.
﴿زُيّنَ لِلنَّاسِ
حُبُّ الشَّهَوتِ مِنَ النّسَآء وَالْبَنِينَ وَالْقَنَـطِيرِ الْمُقَنطَرَةِ مِنَ
الذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ وَالْخَيْلِ الْمُسَوَّمَةِ وَالانْعَـمِ وَالْحَرْثِ ذلِكَ
مَتَـعُ الْحَيَوةِ الدُّنْيَا وَاللَّهُ عِندَهُ حُسْنُ الْمَأَبِ- قُلْ أَؤُنَبّئُكُمْ
بِخَيْرٍ مّن ذلِكُمْ لِلَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْاْ عِندَ رَبّهِمْ جَنَّـتٌ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا
الاْنْهَارُ خَـالِدِينَ فِيهَا وَأَزْوجٌ مُّطَهَّرَةٌ وَرِضْونٌ مّنَ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ
بَصِيرٌ بِالْعِبَادِ
(14. Beautified for men is the love of things they covet; women, children, Qanatir
Al-Muqantarah of gold and silver, branded beautiful horses (Musawwamah), cattle
and fertile land. This is the pleasure of the present world's life; but Allah has
the excellent return with Him.) (15. Say: "Shall I inform you of things far better
than those For those who have Taqwa there are Gardens (Paradise) with their Lord,
underneath which rivers flow. Therein (is their) eternal (home) and Azwajun Mutahharatun
(purified mates or wives). And Allah will be pleased with them. And Allah is All-Seer
of the servants.'')
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