When Zakariyya saw that Allah provided sustenance for Maryam by giving her the fruits
of winter in summer and the fruits of summer in winter, he was eager to have a child
of his own. By then, Zakariyya had become an old man, his bones feeble and his head
full of gray hair. His wife was an old women who was barren. Yet, he still supplicated
to Allah and called Him in secret,
﴿رَبِّ هَبْ لِى مِن لَّدُنْكَ﴾
(O my Lord! Grant me from Ladunka,) from You,
﴿ذُرِّيَّةً طَيِّبَةً﴾
(A good offspring) meaning, a righteous offspring,
﴿إِنَّكَ سَمِيعُ الدُّعَآءِ﴾
(You are indeed the All-Hearer of invocation.) Allah said,
﴿فَنَادَتْهُ الْمَلَـئِكَةُ وَهُوَ
قَائِمٌ يُصَلِّى فِى الْمِحْرَابِ﴾
(Then the angels called him, while he was standing in prayer in the Mihrab,) meaning,
the angels spoke to him directly while he was secluded, standing in prayer at his
place of worship. Allah told us about the good news that the angels delivered to
Zakariyya,
﴿أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُبَشِّرُكَ بِيَحْيَـى﴾
(Allah gives you glad tidings of Yahya, ) of a child from your offspring, his name
is Yahya. Qatadah and other scholars said that he was called Yahya (literally, `he
lives') because Allah filled his life with faith.
Allah said next,
﴿مُصَدِّقاً بِكَلِمَةٍ مِّنَ اللَّهِ﴾
(believing in the Word from Allah) Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas said, and also
Al-Hasan, Qatadah, `Ikrimah, Mujahid, Abu Ash-Sha`tha, As-Suddi, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas,
Ad-Dahhak, and several others said that the Ayah,
﴿مُصَدِّقاً بِكَلِمَةٍ مِّنَ اللَّهِ﴾
(believing in the Word from Allah) means, "Believing in `Isa, son of Maryam.''
Abu Al-`Aliyah, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas, Qatadah and Sa`id bin Jubayr said that Allah's
statement,
﴿وَسَيِّدًا﴾
(And Sayyidan) means, a wise man. Ibn `Abbas, Ath-Thawri and Ad-Dahhak said that
Sayyidan means, "The noble, wise and pious man.'' Sa`id bin Al-Musayyib said that
Sayyid is the scholar and Faqih. `Atiyah said that Sayyid is the man noble in behavior
and piety. `Ikrimah said that it refers to a person who is not overcome by anger,
while Ibn Zayd said that it refers to the noble man. Mujahid said that Sayyidan
means, honored by Allah.
Allah's statement,
﴿وَحَصُورًا﴾
(And Hasuran) does not mean he refrains from sexual relations with women, but that
he is immune from illegal sexual relations. This does not mean that he does not
marry women and have legal sexual relations with them, for Zakariyya said in his
supplication for the benefit of Yahya,
﴿هَبْ لِى مِن لَّدُنْكَ ذُرِّيَّةً
طَيِّبَةً﴾
(Grant me from You, a good offspring), meaning, grant me a son who will have offspring,
and Allah knows best.
Allah's statement,
﴿وَنَبِيًّا مِّنَ الصَّـلِحِينَ﴾
(A Prophet, from among the righteous) delivers more good news of sending Yahya as
Prophet after the good news that he will be born. This good news was even better
than the news of Yahya's birth. In a similar statement, Allah said to the mother
of Musa,
﴿إِنَّا رَآدُّوهُ إِلَيْكِ وَجَـعِلُوهُ
مِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ﴾
(Verily, We shall bring him back to you, and shall make him one of the Messengers.)
﴿28:7﴾
When Zakariyya heard the good news, he started contemplating about having children
at his age. He said,
﴿قَالَ رَبِّ أَنَّى يَكُونُ لِي غُلَـمٌ
وَقَدْ بَلَغَنِي الْكِبَرُ وَامْرَأَتِى عَاقِرٌ قَالَ﴾
("O my Lord! How can I have a son when I am very old, and my wife is barren'' (He)
said...) meaning the angel said,
﴿كَذَلِكَ اللَّهُ يَفْعَلُ مَا يَشَآءُ﴾
("Thus Allah does what He wills.'') meaning, this is Allah's matter, He is so Mighty
that nothing escapes His power, nor is anything beyond His ability.
﴿قَالَ رَبِّ اجْعَل لِّى ءَايَةً﴾
(He said: "O my Lord! Make a sign for me'') meaning make a sign that alerts me that
the child will come,
﴿قَالَ ءَايَتُكَ أَلاَّ تُكَلِّمَ
النَّاسَ ثَلَـثَةَ أَيَّامٍ إِلاَّ رَمْزًا﴾
((Allah) said: "Your sign is that you shall not speak to the people for three days
except by signals.'') meaning, you will not be able to speak except with signals,
although you are not mute. In another Ayah, Allah said,
﴿ثَلَـثَ لَيَالٍ سَوِيّاً﴾
(For three nights, though having no bodily defect.) ﴿19:10﴾
Allah then commanded Zakariyya to supplicate, thank and praise Him often in that
condition,
﴿وَاذْكُر رَّبَّكَ كَثِيرًا وَسَبِّحْ
بِالْعَشِىِّ وَالإِبْكَـرِ﴾
(And remember your Lord much and glorify (Him) in the afternoon and in the morning.
)
We will elaborate more on this subject in the beginning of Surah Maryam (chapter
19), Allah willing.
﴿وَإِذْ قَالَتِ الْمَلَـئِكَةُ
يمَرْيَمُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَـكِ وَطَهَّرَكِ وَاصْطَفَـكِ عَلَى نِسَآءِ الْعَـلَمِينَ
- يمَرْيَمُ اقْنُتِى لِرَبِّكِ وَاسْجُدِى وَارْكَعِى مَعَ الرَكِعِينَ - ذَلِكَ مِنْ
أَنبَآءِ الْغَيْبِ نُوحِيهِ إِلَيْكَ وَمَا كُنتَ لَدَيْهِمْ إِذْ يُلْقُون أَقْلَـمَهُمْ
أَيُّهُمْ يَكْفُلُ مَرْيَمَ وَمَا كُنتَ لَدَيْهِمْ إِذْ يَخْتَصِمُونَ ﴾
(42. And (remember) when the angels said: "O Maryam! Verily, Allah has chosen you,
purified you, and chosen you above the women of the nations.'') (43. "O Maryam!
Submit yourself with obedience (Aqnuti) to your Lord and prostrate yourself, and
bow down along with Ar-Raki`in.'') (44. This is a part of the news of the Ghayb
(Unseen) which We reveal to you. You were not with them, when they cast lots with
their pens as to which of them should be charged with the care of Maryam; nor were
you with them when they disputed.)
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