Explaining this Ayah, Al-Bukhari recorded that Jabir bin `Abdullah said, "Allah's
Messenger came visiting me on foot with Abu Bakr at Banu Salamah's (dwellings),
and the Prophet found me unconscious. He asked for some water, performed ablution
with it, then poured it on me, and I regained consciousness. I said, `What do you
command me to do with my money, O Allah's Messenger' this Ayah was later revealed,
﴿يُوصِيكُمُ اللَّهُ فِى أَوْلَـدِكُمْ
لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الاٍّنْثَيَيْنِ﴾
(Allah commands you for your children's (inheritance); to the male, a portion equal
to that of two females)." This is how it was recorded by Muslim and An-Nasa'i. The
remainder of the Six compilers also collected this Hadith. Another Hadith from Jabir
concerning the reason behind revealing Ayah 4:11 Ahmad recorded from Jabir that
he said, "The wife of Sa`d bin Ar-Rabi` came to Allah's Messenger and said to him,
`O Allah's Messenger! These are the two daughters of Sa`d bin Ar-Rabi`, who was
killed as a martyr at Uhud. Their uncle took their money and did not leave anything
for them. They will not be married unless they have money.' The Messenger said,
`Allah will decide on this matter.' The Ayah about the inheritance was later revealed
and the Messenger of Allah sent word to their uncle commanding him,
«أَعْطِ ابْنَتَيْ سَعْدٍ الثُّلُثَيْنِ،
وَأُمَّهُمَا الثُّمُنَ، وَمَا بقِيَ فَهُوَ لَك»
(Give two-thirds (of Sa`d's money) to Sa`d's two daughters and one eighth for their
mother, and whatever is left is yours.)'' Abu Dawud, At-Tirmidhi, and Ibn Majah
collected this Hadith. It is apparent, however, that the first Hadith from Jabir
was about the case of the last Ayah in the Surah ﴿4:176, rather than 4:11﴾, for
at the time this incident occurred, Jabir had sisters and did not have daughters,
parents or offspring to inherit from him. Yet, we mentioned the Hadith here just
as Al-Bukhari did.
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