Allah tells us how the Quraysh persisted in their disbelief and stubborn
arguments:
[وَلَمَّا ضُرِبَ
ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلاً إِذَا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ ]
(And when the son of Maryam is quoted as an example, behold, your people cry
aloud thereat.) Several others narrated that Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased
with him, Mujahid, `Ikrimah, As-Suddi and Ad-Dahhak said, "They laughed, i.e.,
they were astounded by that.'' Qatadah said, "They were repelled by that and
they laughed.'' Ibrahim An-Nakha`i said, "They turned away.'' The reason for
this was mentioned by Muhammad bin Ishaq in As-Sirah. He said, "According to
what I have heard, the Messenger of Allah sat down one day with Al-Walid bin
Al-Mughirah in the Masjid, and An-Nadr bin Al-Harith came and sat down with
them. There were also other men from the Quraysh in the gathering. The Messenger
of Allah spoke, then An-Nadr bin Al-Harith came up to him and the Messenger of
Allah spoke to him until he defeated him in argument. Then he recited to him and
to them,
[إِنَّكُمْ وَمَا
تَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ حَصَبُ جَهَنَّمَ أَنتُمْ لَهَا وَارِدُونَ ]
(Certainly you and that which you are worshipping now besides Allah, are
(but) fuel for Hell! (Surely) you will enter it.) (21:98) Then the Messenger of
Allah got up and went to sit with `Abdullah bin Al-Zab`ari At-Tamimi. Al-Walid
bin Al-Mughirah said to him, `By Allah, An-Nadr bin Al-Harith could not match
the son of `Abd Al-Muttalib in argument. Muhammad claims that we and these gods
that we worship are fuel for Hell.' `Abdullah bin Az-Zab`ari said, `By Allah, if
I meet with him I will defeat him in argument. Ask Muhammad whether everyone
that is worshipped instead of Allah will be in Hell with those who worshipped
him, for we worship the angels, and the Jews worship `Uzayr, and the Christians
worship the Messiah `Isa bin Maryam.' Al-Walid and those who were sitting with
him were amazed at what `Abdullah bin Az-Zab`ari said, and they thought that he
had come up with a good point. He said this to the Messenger of Allah , who
said:
«كُلُّ مَنْ أَحَبَّ
أَنْ يُعْبَدَ مِنْ دُونِ اللهِ فَهُوَ مَعَ مَنْ عَبَدَهُ، فَإِنَّهُمْ إِنَّمَا
يَعْبُدُونَ الشَّيْطَانَ وَمَنْ أَمَرَهُمْ بِعِبَادَتِه»
(Everyone who likes to worship something other than Allah will be with the
one whom he worshipped, for indeed they are worshipping the Shaytan and whomever
told them to worship that person.)'' Then Allah revealed the words:
[إِنَّ الَّذِينَ
سَبَقَتْ لَهُمْ مِّنَّا الْحُسْنَى أُوْلَـئِكَ عَنْهَا مُبْعَدُونَ ]
(Verily, those for whom the good has preceded from Us, they will be removed
far therefrom (Hell)) (21:101), meaning that `Isa, `Uzayr and rabbis and monks
who were also worshipped, who spent their lives in devotion towards Allah. The
misguided people who came after them took them as lords instead of Allah.
Concerning the notion of worshipping the angels as daughters of Allah, the
following words were revealed:
[وَقَالُواْ اتَّخَذَ
الرَّحْمَـنُ وَلَداً سُبْحَانَهُ بَلْ عِبَادٌ مُّكْرَمُونَ ]
(And they say: "The Most Gracious has begotten a son (or children).'' Glory
to Him! They are but honored servants.) (21:26) Concerning `Isa bin Maryam, the
fact that he is worshipped instead of Allah, and to the amazement of Al-Walid
and the others who were present at the argument, the following was revealed:
[وَلَمَّا ضُرِبَ
ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلاً إِذَا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ ]
(And when the son of Maryam is quoted as an example, behold, your people cry
aloud thereat.) meaning, they take this argument as a basis for rejecting your
message. Then Allah mentions `Isa bin Maryam and says:
[إِنْ هُوَ إِلاَّ
عَبْدٌ أَنْعَمْنَا عَلَيْهِ وَجَعَلْنَـهُ مَثَلاً لِّبَنِى إِسْرَءِيلَ - وَلَوْ
نَشَآءُ لَجَعَلْنَا مِنكُمْ مَّلَـئِكَةً فِى الاٌّرْضِ يَخْلُفُونَ وَإِنَّهُ
لَعِلْمٌ لِّلسَّاعَةِ]
(He was not more than a servant. We granted Our favor to him, and We made him
an example for the Children of Israel. And if it were Our will, We would have
made angels to replace you on the earth. And he (`Isa) shall be a known sign for
the Hour. ) meaning, the miracles and signs that happened at his hands, such as
raising the dead and healing the sick, are sufficient as signs of the approach
of the Hour.
[فَلاَ تَمْتَرُنَّ
بِهَا وَاتَّبِعُونِ هَـذَا صِرَطٌ مُّسْتَقِيمٌ]
(Therefore have no doubt concerning it. And follow Me! This is the straight
path).'' Ibn Jarir mentioned that Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas, may Allah
be pleased with him, commented on the Ayah:
[وَلَمَّا ضُرِبَ
ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلاً إِذَا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصِدُّونَ ]
(And when the son of Maryam is quoted as an example, behold, your people cry
aloud thereat.) "This means the Quraysh, when it was said to them:
[إِنَّكُمْ وَمَا
تَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ حَصَبُ جَهَنَّمَ أَنتُمْ لَهَا وَارِدُونَ ]
(Certainly you and that which you are worshipping now besides Allah, are
(but) fuel for Hell! (Surely) you will enter it.) (21:98) The Quraysh said to
him: `What about `Isa bin Maryam' He said:
«ذَاكَ عَبْدُاللهِ
وَرَسُولُه»
(He is the servant and Messenger of Allah.) They said, `By Allah, he means
that we should take him as a lord just as the Christians took `Isa son of Maryam
as a lord.' Then Allah said:
[مَا ضَرَبُوهُ لَكَ
إِلاَّ جَدَلاَ بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ خَصِمُونَ]
(They quoted not the above example except for argument. Nay! But they are a
quarrelsome people).''
[وَقَالُواْ
ءَأَالِهَتُنَا خَيْرٌ أَمْ هُوَ]
(And say: "Are our gods better or is he''). Qatadah said, "They were saying,
`our gods are better than him'.'' Qatadah said; "Ibn Mas`ud, may Allah be
pleased with him, recited it (أَآلِهَتُنَا خَيْرٌ أَمْ هذَا) (Are our gods
better or is this (person))'' they mean Muhammad .
[مَا ضَرَبُوهُ لَكَ
إِلاَّ جَدَلاَ]
(They quoted not the above example except for argument.) means, for the sake
of stubborn argument, for they knew that he (`Isa ) was not included in the Ayah
(21:98), because that would not make sense. The words,
[إِنَّكُمْ وَمَا
تَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ حَصَبُ جَهَنَّمَ]
(Certainly you and that which you are worshipping now besides Allah, are
(but) fuel for Hell!) (21:98) are addressed to the Quraysh, for they used to
worship idols and false gods -- they did not worship the Messiah so why should
he be included in what the Ayah says What they said was only for the sake of
argument; they did not really believe in it. Imam Ahmad, may Allah have mercy on
him, recorded that Abu Umamah, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "The
Messenger of Allah said:
«مَا ضَلَّ قَوْمٌ
بَعْدَ هُدًى كَانُوا عَلَيْهِ، إِلَّا أُوْرِثُوا الْجَدَل»
g(No people go astray after having been guided, but they resort to (futile)
argument.) Then the Messenger of Allah recited this Ayah:
[مَا ضَرَبُوهُ لَكَ
إِلاَّ جَدَلاَ بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ خَصِمُونَ]
(They quoted not the above example except for argument. Nay! But they are a
quarrelsome people).'' It was also recorded by At-Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah and Ibn
Jarir. At-Tirmidhi said, "This Hadith is Hasan Sahih, we do not know it except
from the Hadith of Hajjaj bin Dinar...''
[إِنْ هُوَ إِلاَّ
عَبْدٌ أَنْعَمْنَا عَلَيْهِ]
(He (`Isa) was not more than a servant. We granted Our favor to him,) means,
`Isa, peace be upon him; he was no more than one of the servants of Allah whom
Allah blessed with prophethood and messengership.
[وَجَعَلْنَـهُ
مَثَلاً لِّبَنِى إِسْرَءِيلَ]
(and We made him an example for the Children of Israel.) means, `a sign,
proof and evidence of Our power to do whatever We will.'
[وَلَوْ نَشَآءُ
لَجَعَلْنَا مِنكُمْ مَّلَـئِكَةً فِى الاٌّرْضِ يَخْلُفُونَ ]
(And if it were Our will, We would have made angels to replace you on the
earth.) As-Suddi said, "They would have taken your place on (the earth). '' Ibn
`Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, and Qatadah said, "They would have
succeeded one another just as you succeed one another.'' This view is implied by
the former veiw. Mujahid said, "They would have populated the earth instead of
you.'' Allah's saying:
[وَإِنَّهُ لَعِلْمٌ
لِّلسَّاعَةِ]
(And he (`Isa) shall be a known sign for (the coming of) the Hour.) The
correct view concerning this phrase is that it refers to his descent before the
Day of Resurrection, as Allah says:
[وَإِن مِّنْ أَهْلِ
الْكِتَـبِ إِلاَّ لَيُؤْمِنَنَّ بِهِ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ]
(And there is none of the People of the Scripture but must believe in him
before his death) (4:159). -- meaning before the death of `Isa, peace be upon
him --
[وَيَوْمَ
الْقِيَـمَةِ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِمْ شَهِيداً]
And on the Day of Resurrection, he will be a witness against them )4:159(.
This meaning has the support from an alternate recitation of the Aya0t؛
(وَإِنَّهُ لَعَلَمٌ لِلسَّاعَةِ) (And he shall be a known sign for (the coming
of) the Hour.) means, evidence that the Hour will surely come. Mujahid said:
[وَإِنَّهُ لَعِلْمٌ
لِّلسَّاعَةِ]
(And he shall be a sign for (the coming of) the Hour.) means, sign and "One
of the signs of the Hour will be the appearance of `Isa son of Maryam before the
Day of Resurrection. '' Something similar was also narrated from Abu Hurayrah,
Ibn `Abbas, `Abu Al-`Aliyah, Abu Malik, `Ikrimah, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak
and others. Many Mutawatir Hadiths report that the Messenger of Allah said that
`Isa will descend before the Day of Resurrection as a just ruler and fair judge.
[فَلاَ تَمْتَرُنَّ
بِهَا]
(Therefore have no doubt concerning it.) means, do not doubt that it will
surely come to pass.
[وَاتَّبِعُونِ]
(And follow Me.) means, `in what I tell you about it.'
[هَـذَا صِرَطٌ
مُّسْتَقِيمٌوَلاَ يَصُدَّنَّكُمُ الشَّيْطَـنُ]
(This is the straight path. And let not Shaytan hinder you.) means, from
following the truth.
[إِنَّهُ لَكُمْ
عَدُوٌّ مُّبِينٌوَلَمَّا جَآءَ عِيسَى بِالْبَيِّنَـتِ قَالَ قَدْ جِئْتُكُم
بِالْحِكْمَةِ]
(Verily, he (Satan) to you is a plain enemy. And when `Isa came with (Our)
clear proofs, he said: "I have come to you with Al-Hikmah...''), meaning
prophethood:
[وَلأُبَيِّنَ لَكُم
بَعْضَ الَّذِى تَخْتَلِفُونَ فِيهِ]
(and in order to make clear to you some of the (points) in which you differ.)
Ibn Jarir said, "This means religious matters, not worldly matters.'' What he
said is good.
[فَاتَّقُواْ
اللَّهَ]
(Therefore have Taqwa of Allah) means, `with regard to what I command you to
do.'
[وَأَطِيعُونِ]
(and obey me.) means, `in what I bring to you.'
[إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ
رَبِّى وَرَبُّكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوهُ هَـذَا صِرَطٌ مُّسْتَقِيمٌ ]
(Verily, Allah! He is my Lord and your Lord. So worship Him. This is the
straight path.) means, `you and I are enslaved to Him, in need of Him and we
commonly share in the worship of Him Alone, associating none with Him.'
[هَـذَا صِرَطٌ
مُّسْتَقِيمٌ]
(This is the straight path) means, `what I have brought to you is the
straight path, which is the worship of the Lord, may He exalted, Alone.'
[فَاخْتَلَفَ
الاٌّحْزَابُ مِن بَيْنِهِمْ]
(But the sects from among themselves differed. ) means, they differed and
became parties and factions, some who stated that he (`Isa) was the servant and
Messenger of Allah -- which is true - while others claimed that he was the son
of Allah or that he himself was Allah -- glorified be Allah far above what they
say. Allah says:
[فَوَيْلٌ
لِّلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ مِنْ عَذَابِ يَوْمٍ أَلِيمٍ]
(So woe to those who do wrong from the torment of a painful Day)!
[هَلْ يَنظُرُونَ
إِلاَّ السَّاعَةَ أَن تَأْتِيَهُمْ بَغْتَةً وَهُمْ لاَ يَشْعُرُونَ -
الاٌّخِلاَءُ يَوْمَئِذٍ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ عَدُوٌّ إِلاَّ الْمُتَّقِينَ -
يعِبَادِ لاَ خَوْفٌ عَلَيْكُمُ الْيَوْمَ وَلاَ أَنتُمْ تَحْزَنُونَ - الَّذِينَ
ءَامَنُواْ بِـَايَـتِنَا وَكَانُواْ مُسْلِمِينَ - ادْخُلُواْ الْجَنَّةَ أَنتُمْ
وَأَزْوَجُكُمْ تُحْبَرُونَ - يُطَافُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِصِحَـفٍ مِّن ذَهَبٍ وَأَكْوَبٍ
وَفِيهَا مَا تَشْتَهِيهِ الاٌّنْفُسُ وَتَلَذُّ الاٌّعْيُنُ وَأَنتُمْ فِيهَا
خَـلِدُونَ - وَتِلْكَ الْجَنَّةُ الَّتِى أُورِثْتُمُوهَا بِمَا كُنتُمْ
تَعْمَلُونَ - لَكُمْ فِيهَا فَـكِهَةٌ كَثِيرَةٌ مِّنْهَا تَأْكُلُونَ ]
(66. Do they only wait for the Hour that it shall come upon them suddenly
while they perceive not) (67. Friends on that Day will be foes one to another
except those who have Taqwa.) (68. My servants! No fear shall be on you this
Day, nor shall you grieve,) (69. (You) who believed in Our Ayat and were
Muslims.) (70. Enter Paradise, you and your wives, in happiness.) (71. Trays of
gold and cups will be passed round them; (there will be) therein all that their
souls desire, and all that eyes could delight in and you will abide therein
forever.) (72. This is the Paradise, which you have been made to inherit because
of your deeds that you used to do.) (73. Therein for you will be fruits in
plenty, of which you will eat (as you desire).)
ICTruth.info