Allah the Exalted asks, `how many We have destroyed before these denying
disbelievers'
[مِّن قَرْنٍ هُمْ
أَشَدُّ مِنْهُم بَطْشاً]
(a generation who were stronger in power than they.) they were more numerous,
mightier than they and who constructed on the earth and built on it more than
they. The statement of Allah the Exalted,
[فَنَقَّبُواْ فِى
الْبِلَـدِ هَلْ مِن مَّحِيصٍ]
(And they went about the land! Could they find any place of refuge) Ibn
`Abbas commented, "They left the traces throughout the land,'' Qatadah said,
"They traveled throughout the land seeking provisions through trade and
business, more than you have.'' Allah's statement,
[هَلْ مِن
مَّحِيصٍ]
(Could they find any place of refuge) means, `could they find a shelter from
Allah's decision and appointed destiny Have what they collected benefited them
or averted Allah's torment when it came to them on account of their denial of
the Messengers Likewise, you will never be able to avert, avoid, or find refuge
or shelter (from His torment).' Allah the Exalted and Most Honored said,
[إِنَّ فِى ذَلِكَ
لَذِكْرَى]
(Verily, therein is indeed a reminder) and a lesson,
[لِمَن كَانَ لَهُ
قَلْبٌ]
(for him who has a heart) meaning, a sound understanding with which he
comprehends, or, a good mind, according to Mujahid,
[أَوْ أَلْقَى
السَّمْعَ وَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ]
(or gives ear while he is heedful.) meaning, he hears the speech, comprehends
and understands it in his mind and grasps its indications with his intellect.
Mujahid said that,
[أَوْ أَلْقَى
السَّمْعَ]
(or gives ear), means, he does not talk to himself but listens with an
attentive heart. Ad-Dahhak commented, "The Arabs would say that someone has
given ear when he hears with his ears, while his heart is present and not
absent.'' Ath-Thawri and several others said similarly. The statement of Allah
the Exalted and Most Honored;
[وَلَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا
السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا فِى سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ وَمَا مَسَّنَا
مِن لُّغُوبٍ ]
(And indeed We created the heavens and the earth and all that between them in
six Days and nothing of fatigue touched Us.) is emphasis on the Resurrection
because He Who is able to create the heavens and earth without fatigue, then
surely He is able to resurrect the dead. Qatadah said, "The Jews, may Allah's
curses descend on them, said that Allah created the heavens and earth in six
days and then rested on the seventh day, which was the Sabbath. This is why they
call it a holiday. Allah the Exalted then sent down denial of their statement
and false opinion.'' Allah said, m
[وَمَا مَسَّنَا مِن
لُّغُوبٍ]
(and nothing of fatigue touched Us.) indicating that no sleep, exhaustion or
weariness affects Him. Allah the Exalted the Blessed said in other Ayat,
[أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْاْ
أَنَّ اللَّهَ الَّذِى خَلَقَ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ وَلَمْ يَعْىَ
بِخَلْقِهِنَّ بِقَادِرٍ عَلَى أَن يُحْىِ الْمَوْتَى بَلَى إِنَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ
شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ ]
(Do they not see that Allah, Who created the heavens and the earth, and was
not wearied by their creation, is able to give life to the dead Yes, He surely
is Able to do all things.)(46:33),
[لَخَلْقُ
السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ أَكْـبَرُ مِنْ خَلْقِ النَّاسِ]
(The creation of the heavens and the earth is indeed greater than the
creation of mankind.)(40:57) and,
[أَءَنتُمْ أَشَدُّ
خَلْقاً أَمِ السَّمَآءُ بَنَـهَا ]
(Are you more difficult to create or is the heaven that He
constructed)(79:27) Allah the Exalted and Most Honored said,
[فَاصْبِرْ عَلَى مَا
يَقُولُونَ]
(So bear with patience all that they say, ) in reference to those who deny
the Prophet , ordering him to be patient with them and turn away from them in a
good way,
[وَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ
رَبِّكَ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ وَقَبْلَ الْغُرُوبِ]
(and glorify the praises of your Lord, before the rising of the sun and
before (its) setting.) There were two ordained prayers prior to the Isra'
journey. One before the rising of the sun at dawn and the other before sunset in
the evening. Qiyam Al-Layl, prayer at night, was a command for the Prophet and
his followers for sometime but it was later abrogated for the Ummah. Later,
during the Isra' journey, Allah abrogated all of the previous orders for prayer
by ordaining five daily prayers, including the prayers of Fajr before sunrise,
and `Asr in the late afternoon. Imam Ahmad recorded that Jarir bin `Abdullah
said, "When we were sitting with the Prophet , he looked at the full moon and
said,
«أَمَا إِنَّكُمْ
سَتُعْرَضُونَ عَلَى رَبِّكُمْ فَتَرَوْنَهُ كَمَا تَرَوْنَ هذَا الْقَمَرَ لَا
تُضَامُّونَ فِيهِ، فَإِنِ اسْتَطَعْتُمْ أَنْ لَا تُغْلَبُوا عَلَى صَلَاةٍ قَبْلَ
طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ وَقَبْلَ غُرُوبِهَا فَافْعَلُوا»
(Certainly you will be brought before your Lord and will see Him as you see
this moon, and you will have no trouble in seeing Him. So, if you can avoid
missing the prayer before the sunrise and the prayer before sunset, you must do
so.) He then recited Allah's statement,
[وَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ
رَبِّكَ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ وَقَبْلَ الْغُرُوبِ]
(and glorify the praises of your Lord, before the rising of the sun and
before (its) setting.)''' The Two Sahihs and the rest of the Group collected
this Hadith through the chain of Isma`il. Allah the Exalted said,
[وَمِنَ الَّيْلِ
فَسَبِّحْهُ]
(And during a part of the night glorify His praises), meaning pray to Him.
Allah said Ayah,
[وَمِنَ الَّيْلِ
فَتَهَجَّدْ بِهِ نَافِلَةً لَّكَ عَسَى أَن يَبْعَثَكَ رَبُّكَ مَقَاماً
مَّحْمُودًا ]
(And in some parts of the night offer the Salah with it, as an additional
prayer for you. It may be that your Lord will raise you to Maqam Mahmud.)
(17:79) Ibn Abi Najih reported that Mujahid said that Ibn `Abbas said that,
[وَأَدْبَـرَ
السُّجُودِ]
(and after the prostrations.) refers to Tasbih, i.e. glorifying Allah's
praises, after the prayers. There is a Hadith collected in the Two Sahihs that
supports this meaning. Abu Hurayrah said, "Some poor migrants came and said, `O
Allah's Messenger! The wealthy people will get higher grades and will have
permanent enjoyment. ' The Prophet said,
«وَمَا
ذَاكَ؟»
(Why is that) They said, `They pray as we do, fast as we do, yet they give
charity, but we can not. They free slaves, but we can not.' The Prophet said,
«أَفَلَا
أُعَلِّمُكُمْ شَيْئًا إِذَا فَعَلْتُمُوهُ سَبَقْتُمْ مَنْ بَعْدَكُمْ وَلَا
يَكُونُ أَحَدٌ أَفْضَلَ مِنْكُمْ إِلَّا مَنْ فَعَلَ مِثْلَ مَا فَعَلْتُمْ؟
تُسَبِّحُونَ وَتَحْمَدُونَ وَتُكَبِّرُونَ دُبُرَ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ ثَلَاثًا
وَثَلَاثِين»
(Shall I tell you about something that, if you did it, you would catch up
with those who have surpassed you and nobody would be better than you except
those who would do the same Say, `Subhan Allah, Alhamdulillah and Allahu Akbar,'
thirty-three times each after every prayer.) Later, they came back and said, `O
Allah's Messenger! Our brethren, the wealthy Muslims, heard of what we did and
they also did the same.' The Prophet said,
«ذلِكَ فَضْلُ اللهِ
يُؤْتِيهِ مَنْ يَشَاء»
(This is a favor and grace of Allah, and He grants it to whom He wills.)''
There is another way of explaining the Ayah. It is that Allah's statement,
[وَأَدْبَـرَ
السُّجُودِ]
(and after the prostrations.) refers to the two Rak`ahs after the Maghrib
prayer. This was reported from `Umar bin Al-Khattab, `Ali bin Abi Talib and his
son Al-Hasan, `Abdullah bin `Abbas, Abu Hurayrah and Abu Umamah, may Allah be
pleased with them. This is also the saying of Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Ash-Sha`bi,
An-Nakha`i, Al-Hasan Al-Basri, Qatadah, and others.
[وَاسْتَمِعْ يَوْمَ
يُنَادِ الْمُنَادِ مِن مَّكَانٍ قَرِيبٍ - يَوْمَ يَسْمَعُونَ الصَّيْحَةَ
بِالْحَقِّ ذَلِكَ يَوْمُ الْخُرُوجِ - إِنَّا نَحْنُ نُحْىِ وَنُمِيتُ وَإِلَيْنَا
الْمَصِيرُ - يَوْمَ تَشَقَّقُ الاٌّرْضُ عَنْهُمْ سِرَاعاً ذَلِكَ حَشْرٌ
عَلَيْنَا يَسِيرٌ - نَّحْنُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يَقُولُونَ وَمَآ أَنتَ عَلَيْهِمْ
بِجَبَّارٍ فَذَكِّرْ بِالْقُرْءَانِ مَن يَخَافُ وَعِيدِ ]
(41. And listen on the Day when the caller will call from a near place.) (42.
The Day when they will hear As-Sayhah in truth, that will be the Day of coming
out.) (43. Verily, it is We Who give life and cause death; and to Us is the
final return.) (44. On the Day when the earth shall be cleft, from off them
(they will come out) hastening forth. That will be a gathering, quite easy for
Us.) (45. We know best what they say. And you are not the one to force them. But
warn by the Qur'an; him who fears My threat.)
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