Allah's statement,
[إِنَّ رَبَّكَ
وَسِعُ الْمَغْفِرَةِ]
(verily, your Lord is of vast forgiveness.) asserts that His Mercy
encompasses everything, and His forgiveness entails every type of sin, if one
repents,
[قُلْ يعِبَادِىَ
الَّذِينَ أَسْرَفُواْ عَلَى أَنفُسِهِمْ لاَ تَقْنَطُواْ مِن رَّحْمَةِ اللَّهِ
إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ جَمِيعاً إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ
]
(Say: "O My servants who have transgressed against them- selves! Despair not
of the mercy of Allah: verily, Allah forgives all sins. Truly, He is
Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.'') (39:53) Allah said,
[هُوَ أَعْلَمُ
بِكُمْ إِذْ أَنشَأَكُمْ مِّنَ الاٌّرْضِ]
(He knows you well when He created you from the earth,) Allah says, `He was
and still is the All-Knowing Whose knowledge encompasses your affairs,
statements and all of the actions that will be committed by you, even when He
created your father `Adam from the earth and took his offspring from his loin,
as small as ants. He then divided them into two groups, a group destined for
Paradise and a group to Hellfire,'
[وَإِذْ أَنتُمْ
أَجِنَّةٌ فِى بُطُونِ أُمَّهَـتِكُمْ]
(and when you were fetuses in your mothers' wombs.) when He commanded the
angel to record one's provisions, age, actions and if he would be among the
miserable or the happy. Allah said,
[فَلاَ تُزَكُّواْ
أَنفُسَكُمْ]
(So, ascribe not purity to yourselves.) forbidding one from ascribing purity
and praising himself and thinking highly of his actions,
[هُوَ أَعْلَمُ
بِمَنِ اتَّقَى]
(He knows best him who has Taqwa.) Allah said in another Ayah,
[أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى
الَّذِينَ يُزَكُّونَ أَنفُسَهُمْ بَلِ اللَّهُ يُزَكِّى مَن يَشَآءُ وَلاَ
يُظْلَمُونَ فَتِيلاً ]
(Have you not seen those who claim sanctity for themselves. Nay, but Allah
sanctifies whom He wills, and they will not be dealt with unjustly, even equal
to the extent of a Fatil.) (4:49) In his Sahih, Muslim recorded that Muhammad
bin `Amr bin `Ata said, "I called my daughter, Barrah (the pious one), and
Zaynab bint Abu Salamah said to me, `The Messenger of Allah forbade using this
name. I was originally called Barrah and he said,
«لَا تُزَكُّوا
أَنْفُسَكُمْ، إِنَّ اللهَ أَعْلَمُ بِأَهْلِ الْبِرِّ مِنْكُم»
(Do not ascribe purity to yourselves; Allah knows best who the pious people
among you are)' They said, `What should we call her' He said,
«سَمُّوهَا
زَيْنَب»
(Call her Zaynab.)'' Imam Ahmad recorded a Hadith from `Abdur-Rahman bin Abi
Bakrah, from his father who said, "A man praised another man before the Prophet
. The Messenger of Allah said,
«وَيْلَكَ قَطَعْتَ
عُنُقَ صَاحِبِكَ مرارًا إِذَا كَانَ أَحَدُكُمْ مَادِحًا صَاحِبَهُ لَا مَحَالَةَ،
فَلْيَقُلْ: أَحْسِبُ فُلَانًا وَاللهُ حَسِيبُهُ، وَلَا أُزَكِّي عَلَى اللهِ
أَحَدًا، أَحْسِبُهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا، إِنْ كَانَ يَعْلَمُ ذلِك»
(Woe to you, you have cut off the neck of your friend! (He repeated this) If
one of you must praise a friend of his, let him say, "I think that so-and-so is
this and that; Allah knows best about him and I will never purify anyone before
Allah,'' if he knows his friend to be as he is describing him.)'' Al-Bukhari,
Muslim, Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah collected this Hadith. Imam Ahmad recorded that
Hammam bin Al-Harith said, "A man came before `Uthman bin `Affan and praised
him. Al-Miqdad bin Al-Aswad started throwing sand in the face of that man,
saying, `The Messenger of Allah ordered us to throw sand in their faces when we
see those who praise.''' Muslim and Abu Dawud also collected this Hadith.
[أَفَرَأَيْتَ
الَّذِى تَوَلَّى - وَأَعْطَى قَلِيلاً وَأَكْدَى - فأَعِندَهُ عِلْمُ الْغَيْبِ
فَهُوَ يَرَى - أَمْ لَمْ يُنَبَّأْ بِمَا فِى صُحُفِ مُوسَى - وَإِبْرَهِيمَ
الَّذِى وَفَّى - أَلاَّ تَزِرُ وَزِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى - وَأَن لَّيْسَ
لِلإِنسَـنِ إِلاَّ مَا سَعَى - وَأَنَّ سَعْيَهُ سَوْفَ يُرَى - ثُمَّ يُجْزَاهُ
الْجَزَآءَ الأَوْفَى ]
(33. Did you observe him who turned away (from Islam).) (34. And gave a
little, then stopped) (35. Is with him the knowledge of the Unseen so that he
sees) (36. Or is he not informed with what is in the Suhuf of Musa,) (37. And of
Ibrahim who fulfilled all that:) (38. That no burdened person (with sins) shall
bear the burden (sins) of another.) (39. And that man can have nothing but what
he does.) (40. And that his deeds will be seen.) (41. Then he will be
recompensed with a full and the best recompense.)
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