Allah chastises and admonishes those who stayed away from Jihad and refrained
from performing it, even though they had the supplies, means and ability to join
it. They asked the Messenger for permission to stay behind, saying,
[ذَرْنَا نَكُنْ
مَّعَ الْقَـعِدِينَ]
("Leave us (behind), we would be with those who sit (at home)'') thus
accepting for themselves the shame of lagging behind with women, after the army
had left. If war starts, such people are the most cowardice, but when it is
safe, they are the most boastful among men. Allah described them in another
Ayah,
[فَإِذَا جَآءَ
الْخَوْفُ رَأَيْتَهُمْ يَنظُرُونَ إِلَيْكَ تَدورُ أَعْيُنُهُمْ كَالَّذِى يُغْشَى
عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْمَوْتِ فَإِذَا ذَهَبَ الْخَوْفُ سَلَقُوكُم بِأَلْسِنَةٍ
حِدَادٍ]
(Then when fear comes, you will see them looking to you, their eyes revolving
like (those of) one over whom hovers death; but when the fear departs, they will
smite you with sharp tongues.)[33:19] their tongues direct their harsh words
against you, when it is safe to do so. In battle, however, they are the most
cowardice among men. Allah said in another Ayah,
[وَيَقُولُ الَّذِينَ
ءَامَنُواْ لَوْلاَ نُزِّلَتْ سُورَةٌ فَإِذَآ أُنزِلَتْ سُورَةٌ مُّحْكَمَةٌ
وَذُكِرَ فِيهَا الْقِتَالُ رَأَيْتَ الَّذِينَ فِى قُلُوبِهِمْ مَّرَضٌ يَنظُرُونَ
إِلَيْكَ نَظَرَ الْمَغْشِىِّ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْمَوْتِ فَأَوْلَى لَهُمْ - طَاعَةٌ
وَقَوْلٌ مَّعْرُوفٌ فَإِذَا عَزَمَ الاٌّمْرُ فَلَوْ صَدَقُواْ اللَّهَ لَكَانَ
خَيْراً لَّهُمْ ]
(Those who believe say: "Why is not a Surah sent down (for us) But when a
decisive Surah (explaining and ordering things) is sent down, and fighting is
mentioned therein, you will see those in whose hearts is a disease looking at
you with a look of one fainting to death. But it was better for them. Obedience
(to Allah) and good words (were better for them). And when the matter is
resolved on, then if they had been true to Allah, it would have been better for
them.) [47:20-21] sAllah said next,
[وَطُبِعَ عَلَى
قُلُوبِهِمْ]
(Their hearts are sealed up) because of their staying away from Jihad and
from accompanying the Messenger in Allah's cause,
[فَهُمْ لاَ
يَفْقَهُونَ]
(so they understand not.) they neither understand what benefits them so that
they perform it nor what hurts them so that they avoid it.
[لَـكِنِ الرَّسُولُ
وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مَعَهُ جَـهَدُواْ بِأَمْوَلِهِمْ وَأَنفُسِهِمْ
وَأُوْلَـئِكَ لَهُمُ الْخَيْرَاتُ وَأُوْلَـئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ ]
[أَعَدَّ اللَّهُ
لَهُمْ جَنَّـتٍ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الاٌّنْهَـرُ خَـلِدِينَ فِيهَا ذَلِكَ
الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ ]
(88. But the Messenger and those who believed with him strove hard and fought
with their wealth and their lives. Such are they for whom are the good things,
and it is they who will be successful.) (89. For them Allah has prepared Gardens
(Paradise) under which rivers flow, to dwell therein forever. That is the
supreme success.)
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