Allah tells us about what happened to past generations when they belied the
Messengers and the clear signs and proofs the latter brought to them. Allah then
made this nation successors after them. He sent to them a Messenger to test
their obedience to Him and following His Messenger. Muslim recorded that Abu
Nadrah reported from Abu Sa`id that he said: "Allah's Messenger said:
«إِنَّ الدُّنْيَا
حُلْوَةٌ خَضِرَةٌ، وَإِنَّ اللهَ مُسْتَخْلِفُكُمْ فِيهَا، فَنَاظِرٌ كَيْفَ
تَعْمَلُونَ، فَاتَّقُوا الدُّنْيَا وَاتَّقُوا النِّسَاءَ، فَإِنَّ أَوَّلَ
فِتْنَةِ بِنَي إِسْرَائِيلَ كَانَتْ فِي النِّسَاء»
(The world is indeed sweet and green; and verily Allah is going to install
you generations after generations in it in order to see how you act. So
safeguard yourselves against the world and avoid (the trial caused by) women.
For the first trial of the Children of Israel was due to women..) Ibn Jarir
reported from `Abdur-Rahman from Ibn Abi Layla that `Awf bin Malik said to Abu
Bakr: "In a dream, I saw a rope hanging from the sky and Allah's Messenger was
being raised. The rope was suspended again and Abu Bakr was raised. Then people
were given different measurements around the Minbar, and `Umar was favored with
three forearm measurements.'' `Umar said: "Keep your dream away from us, we have
no need for it.'' When `Umar succeeded, he called for `Awf and said to him,
"Tell me about your dream'' `Awf said: "Do you need to hear about my dream now
Did you not scold me before'' He then said, "Woe unto you! I hated for you to
announce it to the successor of Allah's Messenger himself.'' So `Awf related his
dream until he got to the three forearms, he said: "One that he was Khalifah,
second he did not -- for the sake of Allah -- fear the blame of blamers, and
third he was a martyr.'' Allah said:
[ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَـكُمْ
خَلَـئِفَ فِى الاٌّرْضِ مِن بَعْدِهِم لِنَنظُرَ كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ ]
(Then We made you successors after them, generations after generations in the
land, that We might see how you would work.)(10:14) Then he said: "Son of the
mother of `Umar, you have been appointed as Khalifah, so look at what you will
do! About not fearing the blame of blamers, that is Allah's will. About becoming
a martyr, how can `Umar reach that when the Muslims are in support of him''
[وَإِذَا تُتْلَى
عَلَيْهِمْ ءَايَـتُنَا بَيِّنَاتٍ قَالَ الَّذِينَ لاَ يَرْجُونَ لِقَآءَنَا ائْتِ
بِقُرْءَانٍ غَيْرِ هَـذَآ أَوْ بَدِّلْهُ قُلْ مَا يَكُونُ لِى أَنْ أُبَدِّلَهُ
مِن تِلْقَآءِ نَفْسِى إِنْ أَتَّبِعُ إِلاَّ مَا يُوحَى إِلَىَّ إِنِّى أَخَافُ
إِنْ عَصَيْتُ رَبِّى عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ - قُل لَّوْ شَآءَ اللَّهُ مَا
تَلَوْتُهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلاَ أَدْرَاكُمْ بِهِ فَقَدْ لَبِثْتُ فِيكُمْ عُمُراً
مِّن قَبْلِهِ أَفَلاَ تَعْقِلُونَ ]
(15. And when Our clear Ayat are recited unto them, those who hope not for
their meeting with Us, say: "Bring us a Qur'an other than this, or change it.''
Say: "It is not for me to change it on my own accord; I only follow that which
is revealed unto me. Verily, I fear the torment of the Great Day (the Day of
Resurrection) if I were to disobey my Lord.'') (16. Say: "If Allah had so
willed, I should not have recited it to you nor would He have made it known to
you. Verily, I have stayed among you a lifetime before this. Have you then no
sense'')
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