The Dwellers of the Al Hijr were the people of Thamud who rejected their
Prophet, Salih. Whoever denies even one Messenger, then he has disbelieved in
all of the Messengers, thus they are described as rejecting "the Messengers''.
Allah tells us that he (Salih) brought them signs to prove that what he was
telling them was true, such as the she-camel which Allah created for them out of
a solid rock in response to the supplication of Salih. This she-camel was
grazing on their lands, and the people and the camel took water on alternate
days that were well-known. When they rebelled and killed it, he said to them,
[تَمَتَّعُواْ فِى
دَارِكُمْ ثَلَـثَةَ أَيَّامٍ ذلِكَ وَعْدٌ غَيْرُ مَكْذُوبٍ]
("Enjoy yourselves in your homes for three days. This is a promise which will
not be belied.'') [11:65] Allah said:
[وَأَمَّا ثَمُودُ
فَهَدَيْنَـهُمْ فَاسْتَحَبُّواْ الْعَمَى عَلَى الْهُدَى]
(And as for Thamud, We showed them and made the path of truth clear but they
preferred blindness to guidance.) [41:17] Allah tells us that,
[وَكَانُواْ
يَنْحِتُونَ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ بُيُوتًا ءَامِنِينَ ]
(And they used to hew out dwellings from the mountains, (feeling) secure. )
meaning, they were without fear and they had no real need for those houses; it
was merely a form of extravagance and work without a purpose. This could be seen
from their work in the houses in the Al-Hijr through which the Messenger of
Allah passed on his way to Tabuk. He covered his head and urged his camel to go
faster, saying to his Companions:
«لَا تَدْخُلُوا
بُيُوتَ الْقَوْمِ الْمُعَذَّبِينَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونُوا بَاكِينَ، فَإِنَّ لَمْ
تَبْكُوا فَتَبَاكُوا خَشْيَةَ أَنْ يُصِيبَكُمْ مَا أَصَابَهُم»
(Do not enter the dwellings of those who were punished unless you are
weeping, and if you do not weep then make yourself weep out of fear that perhaps
what struck them may also strike you.)
[فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ
الصَّيْحَةُ مُصْبِحِينَ ]
(But the Sayhah (torment - awful cry) overtook them in the early morning.)
meaning in the morning of the fourth day.
[فَمَآ أَغْنَى
عَنْهُمْ مَّا كَانُواْ يَكْسِبُونَ ]
(And all that they used to earn availed them not.) meaning all of the
benefits that they used to gain from their crops and fruits, and the water which
they did not want to share with the she-camel that they killed so that it would
not reduce their share of the water - all of that wealth would not protect them
or help them when the command of their Lord came to pass.
[وَمَا خَلَقْنَا
السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَآ إِلاَّ بِالْحَقِّ وَإِنَّ السَّاعَةَ
لآتِيَةٌ فَاصْفَحِ الصَّفْحَ الْجَمِيلَ ]
[إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ
الْخَلَّـقُ الْعَلِيمُ ]
(85. And We did not create the heavens and the earth and all that is between
them except with the truth, and the Hour is surely coming, so overlook their
faults with gracious forgiveness.) (86. Verily, your Lord is the Knowing
Creator.)