There is no disagreement over the view that Surat Al-Baqarah was revealed in its
entirety in Al-Madinah. Moreover, Al-Baqarah was one of the first Surahs to be revealed
in Al-Madinah, while, Allah's statement,
﴿وَاتَّقُواْ يَوْمًا تُرْجَعُونَ
فِيهِ إِلَى اللَّهِ﴾
(And be afraid of the Day when you shall be brought back to Allah.) (2:281) was
the last Ayah to be revealed from the Qur'an. Also, the Ayat about usury were among
the last Ayat to be revealed. Khalid bin Ma`dan used to call Al-Baqarah the Fustat
(tent) of the Qur'an. Some of the scholars said that it contains a thousand news
incidents, a thousand commands and a thousand prohibitions. Those who count said
that the number of Al-Baqarah's Ayat is two hundred and eighty-seven, and its words
are six thousand two hundred and twenty-one words. Further, its letters are twenty-five
thousand five hundred. Allah knows best.
Ibn Jurayj narrated that `Ata' said that Ibn `Abbas said, "Surat Al-Baqarah was
revealed in Al-Madinah.'' Also, Khasif said from Mujahid that `Abdullah bin Az-Zubayr
said; "Surat Al-Baqarah was revealed in Al-Madinah.'' Several Imams and scholars
of Tafsir issued similar statements, and there is no difference of opinion over
this as we have stated.
The Two Sahihs recorded that Ibn Mas`ud kept the Ka`bah on his left side and Mina
on his right side and threw seven pebbles (at the Jamrah) and said, "The one to
whom Surat Al-Baqarah was revealed (i.e. the Prophet ) performed Rami (the Hajj
rite of throwing pebbles) similarly.'' The Two Sahihs recorded this Hadith.
Further, Ibn Marduwyah reported a Hadith of Shu`bah from `Aqil bin Talhah from `Utbah
bin Marthad; "The Prophet saw that his Companions were not in the first lines and
he said,
«يَا أَصْحَابَ سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَة»
(O Companions of Surat Al-Baqarah.) I Think that this incident occurred during the
battle of Hunayn when the Companions retreated. Then, the Prophet commanded Al-`Abbas
(his uncle) to yell out,
«يَا أَصْحَابَ الشَّجَرَة»
(O Companions of the tree!) meaning the Companions who participated in the pledge
of Ar-Ridwan (under the tree). In another narration, Al- `Abbas cried, "O Companions
of Surat Al-Baqarah!'' encouraging them to come back, so they returned from every
direction. Also, during the battle of Al-Yamamah, against the army of Musaylimah
the Liar, the Companions first retreated because of the huge number of soldiers
in Musaylimah's army. The Muhajirun and the Ansar called out for each other, saying;
"O people of Surat Al-Baqarah!'' Allah then gave them victory over their enemy,
may Allah be pleased with all of the companions of all the Messengers of Allah.
﴿بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ
﴾
﴿الم ﴾
(In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful) (1. Alif Lam Mim).
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