At this point many of the scholars of Tafsir mentioned the story of the
Gharaniq and how many of those who had migrated to Ethiopia came back when they
thought that the idolators of the Quraysh had become Muslims, but these reports
all come through Mursal chains of narration and I do not think that any of them
may be regarded as Sahih. And Allah knows best. Al-Bukhari said, "Ibn `Abbas
said,
[فِى
أُمْنِيَّتِهِ]
(in his recitation (of the revelation).) "When he spoke, the Shaytan threw
(some falsehood) into his speech, but Allah abolished that which the Shaytan
threw in.''
[ثُمَّ يُحْكِمُ
اللَّهُ ءَايَـتِهِ]
(Then Allah establishes His revelations.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that
Ibn `Abbas said,
[إِذَا تَمَنَّى
أَلْقَى الشَّيْطَـنُ فِى أُمْنِيَّتِهِ]
(when he did recite (the revelation), Shaytan threw (some falsehood) in it)
"When he spoke, the Shaytan threw (some falsehood) into his speech.'' Mujahid
said:
[إِذَا
تُمْنَى]
(when he did recite) "When he spoke.'' It was said that it refers to his
recitation, whereas,
[إِلاَّ
أَمَانِىَّ]
(but they trust upon Amani) means they speak but they do not write.
Al-Baghawi and the majority of the scholars of Tafsir said:
[تَمَنَّى]
(he did recite) "Reciting the Book of Allah.''
[أَلْقَى
الشَّيْطَـنُ فِى أُمْنِيَّتِهِ]
(Shaytan threw (some falsehood) in it) "In his recitation.'' Ad-Dahhak said:
[إِذَا
تُمْنَى]
(when he did recite) "When he recited.'' Ibn Jarir said, "This comment is
more akin to interpretation.''
[فَيَنسَخُ اللَّهُ
مَا يُلْقِى الشَّيْطَـنُ]
(But Yansakh Allah that which Shaytan throws in.) The meaning of the word
Naskh in Arabic is to remove or lift away. `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn
`Abbas said, "This means, Allah cancels out that which the Shaytan throws in.''
[وَاللَّهُ
عَلِيمٌ]
(And Allah is All-Knower,) means, He knows all matters and events that will
happen, and nothing whatsoever is hidden from Him.
[حَكِيمٌ]
(All-Wise.) means, in His decree, creation and command, He has perfect wisdom
and absolute proof, hence He says:
[لِّيَجْعَلَ مَا
يُلْقِى الشَّيْطَـنُ فِتْنَةً لِّلَّذِينَ فِى قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌ]
(That He (Allah) may make what is thrown in by Shaytan a trial for those in
whose hearts is a disease) meaning, doubt, Shirk, disbelief and hypocrisy. Ibn
Jurayj said:
[الَّذِينَ فِى
قُلُوبِهِمْ مَّرَضٌ]
(those in whose hearts is a disease) "The hypocrites, and
[وَالْقَاسِيَةِ
قُلُوبُهُمْ]
(and whose hearts are hardened.) means the idolators.''
[وَإِنَّ
الظَّـلِمِينَ لَفِى شِقَاقٍ بَعِيدٍ]
(And certainly, the wrongdoers are in an opposition far-off.) means, far away
in misguidance, resistance and stubbornness, i.e., far from the truth and the
correct way.
[وَلِيَعْلَمَ
الَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ الْعِلْمَ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكَ فَيُؤْمِنُواْ
بِهِ]
(And that those who have been given knowledge may know that it is the truth
from your Lord, so that they may believe therein,) means, `so that those who
have been given beneficial knowledge with which they may differentiate between
truth and falsehood, those who believe in Allah and His Messenger, may know that
what We have revealed to you is the truth from your Lord, Who has revealed it by
His knowledge and under His protection, and He will guard it from being mixed
with anything else.' Indeed, it is the Wise Book which,
[لاَّ يَأْتِيهِ
الْبَـطِلُ مِن بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَلاَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ تَنزِيلٌ مِّنْ حَكِيمٍ
حَمِيدٍ ]
(Falsehood cannot come to it from before it or behind it, (it is) sent down
by the All-Wise, Worthy of all praise (Allah).) [41:42]
[فَيُؤْمِنُواْ
بِهِ]
(so that they may believe therein,) means, that they may believe that it is
true and act upon it.
[فَتُخْبِتَ لَهُ
قُلُوبُهُمْ]
(and their hearts may submit to it with humility.) means, that their hearts
may humble themselves and accept it.
[وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ
لَهَادِ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ إِلَى صِرَطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ]
(And verily, Allah is the Guide of those who believe, to the straight path.)
means, in this world and in the Hereafter. In this world, He guides them to the
truth and helps them to follow it and to resist and avoid falsehood; in the
Hereafter, He will guide them to the straight path which leads to the degrees of
Paradise, and He will save them from the painful torment and the dismal levels
of Hell.
[وَلاَ يَزَالُ
الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فِى مِرْيَةٍ مِّنْهُ حَتَّى تَأْتِيَهُمُ السَّاعَةُ بَغْتَةً
أَوْ يَأْتِيَهُمْ عَذَابُ يَوْمٍ عَقِيمٍ - الْمُلْكُ يَوْمَئِذٍ للَّهِ يَحْكُمُ
بَيْنَهُمْ فَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ فِى جَنَّـتِ
النَّعِيمِ - وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَكَذَّبُواْ بِـَايـتِنَا فَأُوْلَـئِكَ
لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مُّهِينٌ ]
(55. And those who disbelieved, will not cease to be in doubt about it until
the Hour comes suddenly upon them, or there comes to them the torment of Yawm
`Aqim.) (56. The sovereignty on that Day will be that of Allah. He will judge
between them. So those who believed and did righteous good deeds will be in
Gardens of Delight.) (57. And those who disbelieved and denied Our Ayat, for
them will be a humiliating torment (in Hell).)
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