What is referred to here is the fact that they used to feel too embarrassed
to eat with the blind, because they could not see the food or where the best
morsels were, so others might take the best pieces before they could. They felt
too embarrassed to eat with the lame because they could not sit comfortably, and
their companions might take advantage of them, and they felt embarrassed to eat
with the sick because they might not eat as much as others. So they were afraid
to eat with them lest they were unfair to them in some way. Then Allah revealed
this Ayah, granting them a dispensation in this matter. This was the view of
Sa`id bin Jubayr and Miqsam. Ad-Dahhak said: "Before the Prophet's Mission, they
used to feel too embarrassed and too proud to eat with these people, lest they
might have to help them. So Allah revealed this Ayah.''
[لَّيْسَ عَلَى
الاٌّعْمَى حَرَجٌ]
(nor any restriction on the lame,) `Abdur-Razzaq recorded that Mujahid said:
"A man would take a blind, lame or sick person to the house of his brother or
sister or aunt, and those disabled people would feel ashamed of that and say,
`they are taking us to other people's houses.' So this Ayah was revealed
granting permission for that.'' As-Suddi said: "A man would enter the house of
his father or brother or son, and the lady of the house would bring him some
food, but he would refrain from eating because the master of the house was not
there, so Allah revealed:
[لَّيْسَ عَلَى
الاٌّعْمَى حَرَجٌ]
(There is no restriction on the blind. ..)
[وَلاَ عَلَى
أَنفُسِكُمْ أَن تَأْكُلُواْ مِن بُيُوتِكُمْ]
(nor on yourselves, if you eat from your houses,) This is stated here
although it is obvious, so that from this starting point the houses of others
may be mentioned, and to make it clear that the ruling applies equally to what
comes after. Sons' houses are included in this even though they are not
mentioned by name, and this is used as evidence by those who regard the son's
wealth as being like the father's wealth. In the Musnad and the Sunan, it is
reported through several routes that the Messenger of Allah said:
«أَنْتَ وَمَالُكَ
لِأَبِيكَ»
(You and your wealth belong to your father.)
[أَوْ بُيُوتِ
ءَابَآئِكُمْ أَوْ بُيُوتِ أُمَّهَـتِكُمْ]
(or the houses of your fathers, or the houses of your mothers,) until His
statement;
[أَوْ مَا مَلَكْتُم
مَّفَاتِحهُ]
(or (from that) whereof you hold keys,) This is obvious, and this is used as
evidence by those who think that it is obligatory for relatives to spend on one
another.
[أَوْ مَا مَلَكْتُم
مَّفَاتِحهُ]
(or (from that) whereof you hold keys,) Sa`id bin Jubayr and As-Suddi said,
"This refers to a people's servants, whether a slave or otherwise. There is
nothing wrong with them eating from the food that is stored with them, within
reason.'' Az-Zuhri narrated from `Urwah that `A'isha, may Allah be pleased with
her, said, "The Muslims used to go out on military campaigns with the Messenger
of Allah and they would give their keys to people they trusted and say, `We
permit you to eat whatever you need.' But they would say, `It is not permissible
for us to eat, they have given us permission reluctantly and we are only
trustees.' Then Allah revealed:
[أَوْ مَا مَلَكْتُم
مَّفَاتِحهُ]
(or (from that) whereof you hold keys).''
[أَوْ
صَدِيقِكُمْ]
(or (from the house) of a friend.) means, there is no sin on you if you eat
from their houses, so long as you know that this does not upset them and they do
not dislike it.
[لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ
جُنَاحٌ أَن تَأْكُلُواْ جَمِيعاً أَوْ أَشْتَاتاً]
(No sin on you whether you eat together or apart.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah
reported from Ibn `Abbas concerning this Ayah, "When Allah revealed the Ayah:
[يَـأَيُّهَا
الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لاَ تَأْكُلُواْ أَمْوَلَكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ
بِالْبَـطِلِ]
(O you who believe! Eat not up your property among yourselves unjustly) [4:
29], the Muslims said, `Allah has forbidden us to eat up our property among
ourselves unjustly, and food is the best of property, so it is not permissible
for anyone among us to eat at the house of anyone else.' So the people stopped
doing that. Then Allah revealed:
[لَّيْسَ عَلَى
الاٌّعْمَى حَرَجٌ]
(There is no restriction on the blind,) until His statement;
[أَوْ
صَدِيقِكُمْ]
(or (from the house) of a friend.) A man would also feel embarrassed and
would refrain from eating alone until someone else came along, but Allah made
the matter easier for them and said:
[لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ
جُنَاحٌ أَن تَأْكُلُواْ جَمِيعاً أَوْ أَشْتَاتاً]
(No sin on you whether you eat together or apart.)'' Qatadah said, "This was
a clan of Banu Kinanah who during the Jahiliyyah thought that it was a source of
shame for one of them to eat alone, to such an extent that a man might keep on
driving his laden camel even though he was hungry, until he could find someone
to eat and drink with him. Then Allah revealed:
[لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ
جُنَاحٌ أَن تَأْكُلُواْ جَمِيعاً أَوْ أَشْتَاتاً]
(No sin on you whether you eat together or apart.) So this was a dispensation
from Allah, allowing people to eat either alone or with others, even though
eating with others is more blessed and is better. Imam Ahmad recorded from
Wahshi bin Harb from his father from his grandfather that a man said to the
Prophet , "We eat but we do not feel satisfied.'' He said:
«لَعَلَّكُمْ
تَأْكُلُونَ مُتَفَرِّقِينَ، اجْتَمِعُوا عَلَى طَعَامِكُمْ، وَاذْكُرُوا اسْمَ
اللهِ، يُبَارَكْ لَكُمْ فِيهِ»
(Perhaps you are eating separately. Eat together and mention the Name of
Allah, and He will bless the food for you.) It was also recorded by Abu Dawud
and Ibn Majah. Ibn Majah also recorded that Salim reported from his father from
`Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah said:
«كُلُوا جَمِيعًا،
وَلَا تَفَرَّقُوا، فَإِنَّ الْبَرَكَةَ مَعَ الْجَمَاعَةِ»
(Eat together and not separately, for the blessing is in being together.)
[فَإِذَا دَخَلْتُمْ
بُيُوتاً فَسَلِّمُواْ عَلَى أَنفُسِكُمْ]
(But when you enter the houses, greet one another) Sa`id bin Jubayr, Al-Hasan
Al-Basri, Qatadah and Az-Zuhri said, "This means greet one another with Salam.''
Ibn Jurayj said: Abu Az-Zubayr said, "I heard Jabir bin `Abdullah say, `When you
enter upon your family, greet them with a greeting from Allah, blessed and
good.' He said, `I do not think it is anything but obligatory.''' Ibn Jurayj
said: "And Ziyad said that Ibn Tawus used to say: `When any one of you enters
his house, let him say Salam.''' Mujahid said: "And when you enter the Masjid,
say: `Peace be upon the Messenger of Allah'; when you enter upon your families,
greet them with Salam; and when you enter a house in which there is nobody, say:
`As-Salamu `Alayna wa `Ala `Ibad-Allah-is-Salihin (peace be upon us and upon the
righteous servants of Allah).' This is what one is commanded to do, and it has
been narrated to us that the angels will return his greeting.''
[كَذَلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ
اللَّهُ لَكُمُ الاٌّيَـتِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ]
(Thus Allah makes clear the Ayat to you that you may understand.) When Allah
mentioned what wise rulings and reasonable, well-constructed laws are contained
in this Surah, He points out to His servants that He explains the Ayat to them
clearly so that they may ponder them and understand their meanings.
[إِنَّمَا
الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَإِذَا كَانُواْ
مَعَهُ عَلَى أَمْرٍ جَامِعٍ لَّمْ يَذْهَبُواْ حَتَّى يَسْتَـْذِنُوهُ إِنَّ
الَّذِينَ يَسْتَـْذِنُونَكَ أُوْلَـئِكَ الَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ
وَرَسُولِهِ فَإِذَا اسْتَـْذَنُوكَ لِبَعْضِ شَأْنِهِمْ فَأْذَن لِّمَن شِئْتَ
مِنْهُمْ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمُ اللَّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ]
(62. The believers are only those who believe in Allah and His Messenger; and
when they are with him on some common matter, they go not away until they have
asked his permission. Verily, those who ask your permission, those are they who
(really) believe in Allah and His Messenger. So if they ask your permission for
some affairs of theirs, give permission to whom you will of them, and ask Allah
for their forgiveness. Truly, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.)
ICTruth.info