Here Allah addresses those idolators who claimed that what was brought by the
Messenger was not the truth but was merely something that he had made up by
himself, or that it came to him in visions from the Jinn. Allah stated that His
Messenger was above their claims and fabrications, and that what he had brought
did indeed come from Allah, and that it was a revelation and inspiration,
brought down by a noble, trustworthy and mighty angel. It did not come from the
Shayatin, because they have no desire for anything like this Noble Qur'an --
they descend upon those who are like them, the lying fortune-tellers. Allah
says:
[هَلْ
أُنَبِّئُكُمْ]
(Shall I inform you) meaning, shall I tell you,
[هَلْ أُنَبِّئُكُمْ
عَلَى مَن تَنَزَّلُ الشَّيَـطِينُ - تَنَزَّلُ عَلَى كُلِّ أَفَّاكٍ أَثِيمٍ
]
(upon whom the Shayatin descend They descend on every lying, sinful person
(Athim)) meaning, one whose speech is lies and fabrication.
[أَثِيمٍ]
(Athim) means, whose deeds are immoral. This is the person upon whom the
Shayatin descend, fortune-tellers and other sinful liars. The Shayatin are also
sinful liars.
[يُلْقُونَ
السَّمْعَ]
(Who gives ear, ) means, they try to overhear what is said in the heavens,
and they try to hear something of the Unseen, then they add to it a hundred lies
and tell it to their human comrades, who then tell it to others. Then the people
believe everything they say because they were right about the one thing which
was heard from the heavens. This was stated in an authentic Hadith recorded by
Al-Bukhari from `A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said, "The people
asked the Prophet about fortune-tellers, and he said:
«إِنَّهُمْ لَيْسُوا
بِشَيْء»
(They are nothing.) They said: "O Messenger of Allah, they say things that
come true.'' The Prophet said:
«تِلْكَ الْكَلِمَةُ
مِنَ الْحَقِّ يَخْطَفُهَا الْجِنِّيُّ فَيُقَرْقِرُهَا فِي أُذُنِ وَلِيِّهِ
كَقَرْقَرَةِ الدَّجَاجِ، فَيَخْلِطُونَ مَعَهَا أَكْثَرَ مِنْ مِائَةِ
كَذْبَة»
(That is a word of truth which the Jinn snatches, then he gabbles it like the
clucking of a chicken into the ear of his friend, but he mixes it with more than
one hundred lies.) Al-Bukhari also recorded that Abu Hurayrah said, "The Prophet
said:
«إِذَا قَضَى اللهُ
الْأَمْرَ فِي السَّمَاءِ ضَرَبَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ بِأَجْنِحَتِهَا خُضْعَانًا
لِقَوْلِهِ، كَأَنَّهَا سِلْسِلَةٌ عَلَى صَفْوَانٍ، فَإِذَا فُزِّعَ عَنْ
قُلُوبِهِمْ قَالُوا: مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ؟ قَالُوا (لِلَّذِي قَالَ): الْحَقَّ،
وَهُوَ الْعَلِيُّ الْكَبِيرُ، فَيَسْمَعُهَا مُسْتَرِقُو السَّمْعِ، وَمُسْتَرِقُو
السَّمْعِ هَكَذَا بَعْضُهُمْ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ وَصَفَ سُفْيَانُ بِيَدِهِ،
فَحَرَّفَهَا وَبَدَّدَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ فَيَسْمَعُ الْكَلِمَةَ فَيُلْقِيهَا
إِلَى مَنْ تَحْتَهُ، ثُمَّ يُلْقِيهَا الْآخَرُ إِلَى مَنْ تَحْتَهُ، حَتَّى
يُلْقِيَهَا عَلَى لِسَانِ السَّاحِرِ أَوِ الْكَاهِنِ، فَرُبَّمَا أَدْرَكَهُ
الشِّهَابُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُلْقِيَهَا، وَرُبَّمَا أَلْقَاهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ
يُدْرِكَهُ، فَيَكْذِبُ مَعَهَا مِائَةَ كَذْبَةٍ،فَيُقَالُ: أَلَيْسَ قَدْ قَالَ
لَنَا يَوْمَ كَذَا وَكَذَا: كَذَا وَكَذَا؟ فَيُصَدَّقُ بِتِلْكَ الْكَلِمَةِ
الَّتِي سُمِعَتْ مِنَ السَّمَاء»
(When Allah decrees a matter in heaven, the angels beat their wings in
submission to His decree, a chain beating on a rock. And when the fear in their
hearts subsides, they say: "What is it that your Lord has said'' They say: "The
truth. And He is the Most High, the Most Great.'' Then when the Jinn who are
listening out, one above the other) -- and Sufyan illustrated this with a
gesture, holding his hand vertically with his fingers outspread -- (when they
hear this, they throw it down from one to another, until it is passed to the
fortune-teller or soothsayer. The shooting star may strike the Jinn before he
passes it on, or he may pass it on before he is struck, and he adds to it one
hundred lies, thus it is said: "Did he not tell us that on such and such a day,
such and such would happen'' So they believe him because of that one thing which
was heard from the heavens.) This was recorded by Al-Bukhari. Al-Bukhari
recorded from `A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, that the Prophet said:
«إِنَّ
الْمَلَائِكَةَ تَحَدَّثُ فِي الْعَنَانِ وَالْعَنَانُ: الْغَمَامُ بِالْأَمْرِ
(يَكُونُ) فِي الْأَرْضِ، فَتَسْمَعُ الشَّيَاطِينُ الْكَلِمَةَ، فَتَقُرُّهَا فِي
أُذُنِ الْكَاهِنِ كَمَا تُقَرُّ الْقَارُورَةُ، فَيَزِيدُونَ مَعَهَا مِائَةَ
كَذْبَة»
(The angels speak in the clouds about some matter on earth, and the Shayatin
overhear what they say, so they tell it to the fortune-teller, gurgling into his
ear like (a liquid poured) from a glass bottle, and he adds to it one hundred
lies.)
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