Allah said,
﴿يَـأَيُّهَآ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ
كُونُواْ قَوَّامِينَ للَّهِ﴾
(O you who believe! Stand out firmly for Allah...) meaning, in truth for the sake
of Allah, not for the sake of people or for fame,
﴿شُهَدَآءَ بِالْقِسْطِ﴾
(as just witnesses) observing justice and not transgression. It is recorded in the
Two Sahihs that An-Nu`man bin Bashir said, "My father gave me a gift, but `Amrah
bint Rawahah, my mother, said that she would not agree to it unless he made Allah's
Messenger as a witness to it. So, my father went to Allah's Messenger to ask him
to be a witness to his giving me the gift. Allah's Messenger asked,
«أكل ولدك نحلت مثله؟»
(`Have you given the like of it to everyone of your offspring') He replied in the
negative. Allah's Messenger said,
«اتَّقُوا اللهَ وَاعْدِلُوا فِي أَوْلَادِكُم»
(Have Taqwa of Allah and treat your children equally.) And said;
«إِنِّي لَا أَشْهَدُ عَلى جَوْر»
(I shall not be witness to injustice.) My father then returned and took back his
gift.'' Allah said;
﴿وَلاَ يَجْرِمَنَّكُمْ شَنَآنُ قَوْمٍ
عَلَى أَلاَّ تَعْدِلُواْ﴾
(and let not the enmity and hatred of others make you avoid justice. ) The Ayah
commands: Do not be carried away by your hatred for some people to avoid observing
justice with them. Rather, be just with every one, whether a friend or an enemy.
This is why Allah said,
﴿اعْدِلُواْ هُوَ أَقْرَبُ لِلتَّقْوَى﴾
(Be just: that is nearer to Taqwa) this is better than if you abandon justice in
this case. Although Allah said that observing justice is `nearer to Taqwa', there
is not any other course of action to take, therefore `nearer' here means `is'. Allah
said in another Ayah,
﴿أَصْحَـبُ الْجَنَّةِ يَوْمَئِذٍ
خَيْرٌ مُّسْتَقَرّاً وَأَحْسَنُ مَقِيلاً ﴾
(The dwellers of Paradise will, on that Day, have the best abode, and have the fairer
of places for repose.) Some of the female Companions said to `Umar, "You are more
rough and crude than the Messenger of Allah ,'' meaning, you are rough, not that
the Prophet is rough at all. Allah said next,
﴿وَاتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ
خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ﴾
(and have Taqwa of Allah. Verily, Allah is WellAcquainted with what you do.) and
consequently, He will reward or punish you according to your actions, whether good
or evil. Hence Allah's statement afterwards,
﴿وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ
وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ لَهُم مَّغْفِرَةٌ﴾
(Allah has promised those who believe and do deeds of righteousness, that for them
there is forgiveness) for their sins,
﴿وَأَجْرٌ عَظِيمٌ﴾
(and a great reward.) which is Paradise, that is part of Allah's mercy for His servants.
They will not earn Paradise on account of their good actions, but rather on account
of His mercy and favor, even though they will qualify to earn this mercy on account
of their good actions. Allah has made these actions the cause and path that lead
to His mercy, favor, pardon and acceptance. Therefore, all this is from Allah Alone
and all thanks are due to Him. Allah said next,
﴿وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَكَذَّبُواْ
بِـَايَـتِنَآ أُوْلَـئِكَ أَصْحَـبُ الْجَحِيمِ ﴾
(And they who disbelieve and deny our Ayat are those who will be the dwellers of
the Hell-fire.) This only demonstrates Allah's perfect justice, wisdom and judgment,
He is never wrong, for He is the Most Wise, Most Just and Most Able.
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