Allah said,
﴿وَلَقَدْ جَآءَتْهُمْ رُسُلُنَا بِالّبَيِّنَـتِ﴾
(And indeed, there came to them Our Messengers with Al-Bayyinat,) meaning, clear
evidences, signs and proofs,
﴿ثُمَّ إِنَّ كَثِيراً مِّنْهُمْ بَعْدَ
ذلِكَ فِى الاٌّرْضِ لَمُسْرِفُونَ﴾
(even then after that many of them continued to exceed the limits in the land!)
This Ayah chastises and criticizes those who commit the prohibitions, after knowing
that they are prohibited from indulging in them. The Jews of Al-Madinah, such as
Banu Qurayzah, An-Nadir and Qaynuqa`, used to fight along with either Khazraj or
Aws, when war would erupt between them during the time of Jahiliyyah. When these
wars would end, the Jews would ransom those who were captured and pay the blood
money for those who were killed. Allah criticized them for this practice in Surat
Al-Baqarah,
﴿وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِيثَـقَكُمْ لاَ
تَسْفِكُونَ دِمَآءِكُمْ وَلاَ تُخْرِجُونَ أَنفُسَكُمْ مِّن دِيَـرِكُمْ ثُمَّ أَقْرَرْتُمْ
وَأَنتُمْ تَشْهَدُونَ - ثُمَّ أَنتُمْ هَـؤُلاَءِ تَقْتُلُونَ أَنفُسَكُمْ وَتُخْرِجُونَ
فَرِيقًا مِّنكُم مِّن دِيَـرِهِمْ تَظَـهَرُونَ علَيْهِم بِالإِثْمِ وَالْعُدْوَنِ
وَإِن يَأْتُوكُمْ أُسَـرَى تُفَـدُوهُمْ وَهُوَ مُحَرَّمٌ عَلَيْكُمْ إِخْرَاجُهُمْ
أَفَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِبَعْضِ الْكِتَـبِ وَتَكْفُرُونَ بِبَعْضٍ فَمَا جَزَآءُ مَن يَفْعَلُ
ذلِكَ مِنكُمْ إِلاَّ خِزْىٌ فِي الْحَيَوةِ الدُّنْيَا وَيَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ يُرَدُّونَ
إِلَى أَشَدِّ الّعَذَابِ وَمَا اللَّهُ بِغَـفِلٍ عَمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ ﴾
(And (remember) when We took your covenant (saying): Shed not your (people's) blood,
nor turn out your own people from their dwellings. Then, (this) you ratified and
(to this) you bear witness. After this, it is you who kill one another and drive
out a party of your own from their homes, assist (their enemies) against them, in
sin and transgression. And if they come to you as captives, you ransom them, although
their expulsion was forbidden to you. Then do you believe in a part of the Scripture
and reject the rest Then what is the recompense of those who do so among you, except
disgrace in the life of this world, and on the Day of Resurrection they shall be
consigned to the most grievous torment. And Allah is not unaware of what you do.)
(2:84-85)
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