Then Allah the Exalted informs of His knowledge encompassing all creation,
observing it, hearing their speech and seeing them, wherever they may be and in
whatever condition they may be in,
[أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ
اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ مَا يَكُونُ مِن
نَّجْوَى ثَلَـثَةٍ]
(Have you not seen that Allah knows whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever
is on the earth There is no Najwa of three), i.e., secret consultation of
three,
[إِلاَّ هُوَ
رَابِعُهُمْ وَلاَ خَمْسَةٍ إِلاَّ هُوَ سَادِسُهُمْ وَلاَ أَدْنَى مِن ذَلِكَ
وَلاَ أَكْثَرَ إِلاَّ هُوَ مَعَهُمْ أَيْنَ مَا كَانُواْ]
(but He is their fourth --- nor of five but He is their sixth --- nor of less
than that or more but He is with them wheresoever they may be.) meaning, He is
watching them, perfectly hearing their speech, whether uttered in public or
secret. His angels record all that they say, even though He has better
knowledge of it and hears them perfectly, as Allah said;
[أَلَمْ يَعْلَمُواْ
أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ سِرَّهُمْ وَنَجْوَاهُمْ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَّـمُ
الْغُيُوبِ ]
(Know they not that Allah knows their secret ideas, and their Najwa, and that
Allah is the All-Knower of the unseen.) (9:78),
[أَمْ يَحْسَبُونَ
أَنَّا لاَ نَسْمَعُ سِرَّهُمْ وَنَجْوَهُم بَلَى وَرُسُلُنَا لَدَيْهِمْ
يَكْتُبُونَ ]
(Or do they think that We hear not their secrets and their private Najwa And Our
messengers are by them to record.) (43:80) For this reason, several mentioned
that there is a consensus among the scholars that this "with'' refers to
Allah's knowledge. There is no doubt that this meaning is true, especially if
we add to it the certainty that His hearing encompasses all things, as well as
His sight. He, the Exalted and Most Honored, is never lacking in knowing all
their affairs,
[ثُمَّ يُنَبِّئُهُم
بِمَا عَمِلُواْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌ]
(And afterwards on the Day of Resurrection He will inform them of what they did.
Verily, Allah is the All-Knower of everything.) Imam Ahmad commented, "Allah
began the Ayah (58:7) by mentioning His knowledge and ended it by mentioning
His knowledge.''
[أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى
الَّذِينَ نُهُواْ عَنِ النَّجْوَى ثُمَّ يَعُودُونَ لِمَا نُهُواْ عَنْهُ
وَيَتَنَـجَوْنَ بِالإِثْمِ وَالْعُدْوَانِ وَمَعْصِيَتِ الرَّسُولِ وَإِذَا
جَآءُوكَ حَيَّوْكَ بِمَا لَمْ يُحَيِّكَ بِهِ اللَّهُ وَيَقُولُونَ فِى
أَنفُسِهِمْ لَوْلاَ يُعَذِّبُنَا اللَّهُ بِمَا نَقُولُ حَسْبُهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ
يَصْلَوْنَهَا فَبِئْسَ الْمَصِيرُ - يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ إِذَا
تَنَاجَيْتُمْ فَلاَ تَتَنَـجَوْاْ بِالإِثْمِ وَالْعُدْوَانِ وَمَعْصِيَةِ
الرَّسُولِ وَتَنَـجَوْاْ بِالْبِرِّ وَالتَّقْوَى وَاتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ الَّذِى
إِلَيْهِ تُحْشَرُونَ - إِنَّمَا النَّجْوَى مِنَ الشَّيْطَـنِ لِيَحْزُنَ
الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَلَيْسَ بِضَآرِّهِمْ شَيْئاً إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ
وَعَلَى اللَّهِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ ]
(8. Have you not seen those who were forbidden to hold secret counsels, and
afterwards returned to that which they had been forbidden, and conspired
together for sin and wrongdoing and disobedience to the Messenger. And when
they come to you, they greet you with a greeting wherewith Allah greets you
not, and say within themselves: "Why should Allah punish us not for what we
say'' Hell will be sufficient for them; they will enter therein. And worst
indeed is that destination!) (9. O you who believe! When you hold secret
counsel, do it not for sin and wrongdoing, and disobedience to the Messenger,
but do it for Al-Birr and Taqwa; and have Taqwa of Allah unto Whom you shall be
gathered.) (10. Secret counsels are only from Shaytan, in order that he may
cause grief to the believers. But he cannot harm them in the least, except as
Allah permits. And in Allah let the believers put their trust.)
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