This is Allah teaching His Messenger how to receive the revelation from the
angel. For verily, he (the Prophet ) was rushing in his attempts to grasp the
revelation and he would be reciting the revelation with the angel while he was
reciting it. Therefore, Allah commanded him that when the angel brings some
revelation to him he should just listen. Allah would make sure to collect it in
his chest, and He would make it easy for him to recite it in the same way that
it was revealed to him. Allah would explain it, interpret it and clarify it for
him. So the first phase was gathering it in his chest, the second phase was
recitation and the third phase was its explanation and clarification of its
meaning. Thus, Allah says,
[لاَ تُحَرِّكْ بِهِ
لِسَانَكَ لِتَعْجَلَ بِهِ ]
(Move not your tongue concerning to make haste therewith.) meaning, with the
Qur'an. This is as Allah says,
[وَلاَ تَعْجَلْ
بِالْقُرْءانِ مِن قَبْلِ إَن يُقْضَى إِلَيْكَ وَحْيُهُ وَقُل رَّبِّ زِدْنِى
عِلْماً]
(And be not in haste with the Qur'an before its revelation is completed to
you, and say: "My Lord! Increase me in knowledge.'') (20:114) Then Allah says,
[إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا
جَمْعَهُ]
(It is for Us to collect it) meaning, `in your chest.'
[وَقُرْءَانَهُ]
(and that it be recited.) meaning, `that you recite it.'
[فَإِذَا
قَرَأْنَـهُ]
(And when We have recited it to you,) meaning, `when the angel has recited it
to you from Allah,'
[فَاتَّبِعْ
قُرْءَانَهُ]
(then follow its recitation.) meaning, `listen to it then recite it as he
taught you to recite it.'
[ثُمَّ إِنَّ
عَلَيْنَا بَيَانَهُ ]
(Then it is for Us to make it clear.) meaning, `after memorizing it and
reciting it, We will explain it to you, clarify it and inspire you with its
meaning according to what We intended and legislated.' Imam Ahmad recorded from
Ibn `Abbas that he said that the Messenger of Allah used to struggle very hard
to grasp the revelation and he used to move his lips (rapidly with the
recitation). The narrator, Sa`id, then said, "Ibn `Abbas said to me, `I will
move my lips like the Messenger of Allah used to move his lips (in order to show
you).''' Then, the subnarrator said, "And Sa`id said to me, `I will move my lips
like I saw Ibn `Abbas moving his lips (in order to show you).''' Then Allah
revealed,
[لاَ تُحَرِّكْ بِهِ
لِسَانَكَ لِتَعْجَلَ بِهِ - إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا جَمْعَهُ وَقُرْءَانَهُ ]
(Move not your tongue concerning to make haste therewith. It is for Us to
collect it and that it be recited.) Ibn `Abbas said, "This means He will collect
it in his chest to recite it.
[فَإِذَا قَرَأْنَـهُ
فَاتَّبِعْ قُرْءَانَهُ ]
(And when We have recited it to you, then follow its recitation.) meaning,
listen to it and pay attention.
[ثُمَّ إِنَّ
عَلَيْنَا بَيَانَهُ ]
(Then it is for Us to make it clear (to you).) So after this, when Jibril
would leave, he would recite it as Jibril had taught him to recite it.'' This
has also been recorded by Al-Bukhari and Muslim. Al-Bukhari's wording says, "So
whenever Jibril would come to him he would be silent, and when Jibril had left
he would recite it just as Allah, the Mighty and Sublime had promised him.''
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