Allah said next,
﴿وَلَوْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْكِتَـبِ ءَامَنُواْ
وَاتَّقَوْاْ﴾
(And if only the People of the Scripture had believed and had Taqwa...) Consequently,
had the People of the Book believed in Allah and His Messenger and avoided the sins
and prohibitions that they committed;
﴿لَكَفَّرْنَا عَنْهُمْ سَيِّئَـتِهِمْ
وَلاٌّدْخَلْنَـهُمْ جَنَّـتِ النَّعِيمِ﴾
(We would indeed have expiated for them their sins and admitted them to Gardens
of pleasure (in Paradise).) meaning We would have removed the dangers from them
and granted them their objectives.
﴿وَلَوْ أَنَّهُمْ أَقَامُواْ التَّوْرَاةَ
وَالإِنجِيلَ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيهِمْ مِّن رَّبِّهِمْ﴾
(And if only they had acted according to the Tawrah, the Injil, and what has (now)
been sent down to them from their Lord,) meaning, the Qur'an, as Ibn `Abbas and
others said.
﴿لاّكَلُواْ مِن فَوْقِهِمْ وَمِن
تَحْتِ أَرْجُلِهِم﴾
(they would surely have gotten provision from above them and from underneath their
feet.) Had they adhered to the Books that they have with them which they inherited
from the Prophets, without altering or changing these Books, these would have directed
them to follow the truth and implement the revelation that Allah sent Muhammad with.
These Books testify to the Prophet's truth and command that he must be followed.
Allah's statement,
﴿لاّكَلُواْ مِن فَوْقِهِمْ وَمِن
تَحْتِ أَرْجُلِهِم﴾
(they would surely have gotten provision from above them and from underneath their
feet.) refers to the tremendous provision that would have descended to them from
the sky and grown for them on the earth. Allah said in another Ayah,
﴿وَلَوْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْقُرَى ءَامَنُواْ
وَاتَّقَوْاْ لَفَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِم بَرَكَـتٍ مِّنَ السَّمَآءِ وَالاٌّرْضِ﴾
(And if the people of the towns had believed and had Taqwa, certainly, We should
have opened for them blessings from the heaven and the earth.) Allah's statement,
﴿مِّنْهُمْ أُمَّةٌ مُّقْتَصِدَةٌ
وَكَثِيرٌ مِّنْهُمْ سَآءَ مَا يَعْمَلُونَ﴾
(And among them is a Muqtasid Ummah, but for most of them; evil is their work.)
is similar to Allah's statement,
﴿وَمِن قَوْمِ مُوسَى أُمَّةٌ يَهْدُونَ
بِالْحَقِّ وَبِهِ يَعْدِلُونَ ﴾
(And of the people of Musa there is a community who lead (the men) with truth and
establish justice therewith.)﴿7:159﴾ and His statement about the followers of `Isa,
peace be upon him,
﴿فَـَاتَيْنَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ
مِنْهُمْ أَجْرَهُمْ﴾
(So We gave those among them who believed, their (due) reward.) Therefore, Allah
gave them the highest grade of Iqtisad, which is the middle course, given to this
Ummah. Above them there is the grade of Sabiqun, as Allah described in His statement;
﴿ثُمَّ أَوْرَثْنَا الْكِتَـبَ الَّذِينَ
اصْطَفَيْنَا مِنْ عِبَادِنَا فَمِنْهُمْ ظَـلِمٌ لِّنَفْسِهِ وَمِنْهُمْ مُّقْتَصِدٌ
وَمِنْهُمْ سَابِقٌ بِالْخَيْرَتِ بِإِذُنِ اللَّهِ ذَلِكَ هُوَ الْفَضْلُ الْكَبِيرُ
- جَنَّـتُ عَدْنٍ يَدْخُلُونَهَا يُحَلَّوْنَ فِيهَا مِنْ أَسَاوِرَ مِن ذَهَبٍ وَلُؤْلُؤاً
وَلِبَاسُهُمْ فِيهَا حَرِيرٌ ﴾
(Then We gave the Book as inheritance to such of Our servants whom We chose. Then
of them are some who wrong themselves, and of them are some who follow a middle
course, and of them are some who, by Allah's permission, are Sabiq (foremost) in
good deeds. That itself is indeed a great grace. `Adn (Eden) Paradise (everlasting
Gardens) will they enter, therein will they be adorned with bracelets of gold and
pearls, and their garments there will be of silk.)﴿35:32-33﴾
﴿يَـأَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ
بَلِّغْ مَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ وَإِن لَّمْ تَفْعَلْ فَمَا بَلَّغْتَ رِسَالَتَهُ
وَاللَّهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَهْدِى الْقَوْمَ الْكَـفِرِينَ
﴾
(67. O Messenger! Convey what has been sent down to you from your Lord. And if you
do not, then you have not conveyed His Message. Allah will protect you from mankind.
Verily, Allah guides not the people who disbelieve.)
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