`Ali bin Abi Talhah said that Ibn `Abbas said, "This Ayah ﴿5:87﴾ was revealed about
some of the Companions of the Prophet who said, `We should cut off our male organs,
abandon the desires of this life and travel in the land, just as the Ruhban (monks)
do.' When the Prophet heard of this statement, he summoned them and asked them if
they made this statement and they answered `Yes.' The Prophet said,
«لكِنِّي أَصُومُ وَأُفْطِرُ، وَأُصَلِّي،
وَأَنَامُ، وَأَنْكِحُ النِّسَاءَ، فَمَنْ أَخَذَ بِسُنَّتِي فَهُوَ مِنِّي، وَمَنْ
لَمْ يَأْخُذْ بِسُنَّتِي فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي»
(I fast and break my fast, pray and sleep, and marry women. Whoever follows my Sunnah
is of me, and whoever abandons my Sunnah is not of me.)'' Ibn Abi Hatim also collected
this Hadith. Ibn Marduwyah recorded that Al-`Awfi said that Ibn `Abbas narrated
a similar Hadith. It is recorded in the Two Sahihs that `A'ishah said that some
of the Companions asked the wives of the Prophet about the acts of worship that
he performed in private. One of them said, "I will not eat meat,'' another said,
"I will not marry women,'' while the third said, "I will not sleep on the bed.''
When the Prophet heard this statement, he said,
«مَا بَالُ أَقْوَامٍ يَقُولُ أَحَدُهُمْ
كَذَا وَكَذَا، لكِنِّي أَصُومُ وَأُفْطِرُ، وَأَنَامُ وَأَقُومُ، وَآكُلُ اللَّحْمَ،
وَأَتَزَوَّجُ النِّسَاءَ، فَمَنْ رَغِبَ عَنْ سُنَّتِي فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي»
(What is the matter with some people who said such and such I fast and break the
fast, sleep and wake to stand to pray, eat meat, and marry women. He who is not
pleased with my Sunnah is not of me.) Allah's statement,
﴿وَلاَ تَعْتَدُواْ﴾
(and transgress not.) means, do not exaggerate and make it hard for yourselves by
prohibiting the permissible things. Do not transgress the limits by excessively
indulging in the permissible matters; only use of it what satisfies your need; and
do not fall into extravagance. Allah said in other Ayat,
﴿وكُلُواْ وَاشْرَبُواْ وَلاَ تُسْرِفُواْ﴾
(And eat and drink but waste not by extravagance.)﴿7:31﴾, and,
﴿وَالَّذِينَ إِذَآ أَنفَقُواْ لَمْ
يُسْرِفُواْ وَلَمْ يَقْتُرُواْ وَكَانَ بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ قَوَاماً ﴾
(And those, who, when they spend, are neither extravagant nor miserly, but hold
a medium (way) between those (extremes).)﴿25:67﴾ So Allah legislated a medium way
between those who are extreme and those who fall into shortcomings, and it does
not allow excessive application, nor lack of application. This is why Allah said
here,
﴿لاَ تُحَرِّمُواْ طَيِّبَـتِ مَآ
أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ وَلاَ تَعْتَدُواْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يُحِبُّ الْمُعْتَدِينَ﴾
(Make not unlawful the good things which Allah has made lawful to you, and transgress
not. Verily, Allah does not like the transgressors.) then He said,
﴿وَكُلُواْ مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ اللَّهُ
حَلَـلاً طَيِّباً﴾
(And eat of the things which Allah has provided for you, lawful and good,)﴿5:88﴾,
eat of those items that are pure and lawful for you,
﴿وَاتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ﴾
(and have Taqwa of Allah,) in all your affairs, obey Him and seek His pleasure,
all the while staying away from defiance and disobedience of Allah,
﴿وَاتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ الَّذِى أَنتُم
بِهِ مُؤْمِنُونَ﴾
(and have Taqwa of Allah in Whom you believe.)
﴿لاَ يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ
اللَّهُ بِاللَّغْوِ فِى أَيْمَـنِكُمْ وَلَـكِن يُؤَاخِذُكُم بِمَا عَقَّدتُّمُ الاٌّيْمَـنَ
فَكَفَّارَتُهُ إِطْعَامُ عَشَرَةِ مَسَـكِينَ مِنْ أَوْسَطِ مَا تُطْعِمُونَ أَهْلِيكُمْ
أَوْ كِسْوَتُهُمْ أَوْ تَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَـثَةِ
أَيَّامٍ ذلِكَ كَفَّارَةُ أَيْمَـنِكُمْ إِذَا حَلَفْتُمْ وَاحْفَظُواْ أَيْمَـنَكُمْ
كَذلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ ءَايَـتِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ ﴾
(89. Allah will not punish you for what is unintentional in your oaths, but He will
punish you for your deliberate oaths; for its expiation feed ten poor, on a scale
of the Awsat of that with which you feed your own families; or clothe them; or free
a slave. But whosoever cannot afford, then he should fast for three days. That is
the expiation for the oaths when you have sworn. And protect your oaths. Thus Allah
makes clear to you His Ayat that you may be grateful.)
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