Here Allah reminds His servants that He accepts repentance. If they turn to
Him and come back to Him, then by His kindness and generosity He forgives,
overlooks and conceals (their sins), as He says:
[وَمَن يَعْمَلْ
سُوءاً أَوْ يَظْلِمْ نَفْسَهُ ثُمَّ يَسْتَغْفِرِ اللَّهَ يَجِدِ اللَّهَ غَفُوراً
رَّحِيماً ]
(And whoever does evil or wrongs himself but afterwards seeks Allah's
forgiveness, he will find Allah Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.) (4:110) It was
reported in Sahih Muslim that Anas bin Malik, may Allah be pleased with him,
said, "The Messenger of Allah said:
«للهُ تَعَالَى
أَشَدُّ فَرَحًا بِتَوْبَةِ عَبْدِهِ حِينَ يَتُوبُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ أَحَدِكُمْ
كَانَتْ رَاحِلَتُهُ بِأَرْضِ فَلَاةٍ، فَانْفَلَتَتْ مِنْهُ، وَعَلَيْهَا
طَعَامُهُ وَشَرَابُهُ، فَأَيِسَ مِنْهَا فَأَتَى شَجَرَةً فَاضْطَجَعَ فِي
ظِلِّهَا، قَدْ أَيِسَ مِنْ رَاحِلَتِهِ، فَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ كَذَلِكَ إِذَا هُوَ
بِهَا، قَائِمَةً عِنْدَهُ، فَأَخَذَ بِخِطَامِهَا، ثُمَّ قَالَ مِنْ شِدَّةِ
الْفَرَحِ: اللْهُمَّ أَنْتَ عَبْدِي وَأَنَا رَبُّكَ، أَخْطَأَ مِنْ شِدَّةِ
الْفَرَح»
(Allah is more pleased with the repentance of His servant than anyone of you
who loses his riding beast in a barren land, and it was carrying his food and
drink; he despairs of ever finding it, so he comes to a tree and lies down in
its shade, having given up all hope of finding his riding beast; then whilst he
is there like that, suddenly he sees it standing near him, so he takes hold of
its reins and because of his great joy he says, "O Allah,You are my slave and I
am Your Lord!'' -- i.e,. he makes a mistake because of his great joy. )'' A
similar report was also narrated in the Sahih from `Abdullah bin Mas`ud, may
Allah be pleased with him.
[وَهُوَ الَّذِى
يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِ]
(And He it is Who accepts repentance from His servants,) It was reported that
Az-Zuhri said, concerning this Ayah, that Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased
with him, said, "The Messenger of Allah said:
«للهُ أَشَدُّ
فَرَحًا بِتَوْبَةِ عَبْدِهِ مِنْ أَحَدِكُمْ يَجِدُ ضَالَّتَهُ فِي الْمَكَانِ
الَّذِي يَخَافُ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُ فِيهِ الْعَطَش»
(Allah rejoices more over the repentance of His servant than one of you feels
when he finds his lost camel in a place where he had feared that he would die of
thirst.)'' Hammam bin Al-Harith said, "Ibn Mas`ud was asked about a man who
commits immoral sins with a woman and then marries her. He said, `There is
nothing wrong with that,' and recited:
[وَهُوَ الَّذِى
يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِ]
(And He it is Who accepts repentance from His servants).''
[وَيَعْفُواْ عَنِ
السَّيِّئَـتِ]
(and forgives sins,) means, He will accept repentance in the future, and He
forgives past sins.
[وَيَعْلَمُ مَا
تَفْعَلُونَ]
(and He knows what you do. ) means, He knows all your deeds and actions and
words, yet He still accepts the repentance of those who repent to Him.
[وَيَسْتَجِيبُ
الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ]
(And He answers those who believe and do righteous good deeds,) As-Suddi
said, "This means, He responds to them.'' This was also the view of Ibn Jarir:
"It means that He answers their supplication for themselves, their companions
and their brothers.''
[وَيَزِيدَهُم مِّن
فَضْلِهِ]
(and gives them increase of His bounty.) means, He answers their
supplications and gives them more besides. Qatadah said, narrating from Ibrahim
An-Nakha`i Al-Lakhmi about the Ayah:
[وَيَسْتَجِيبُ
الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ]
(And He answers those who believe and do righteous good deeds,) -- (this
means) they intercede for their brothers; r
[وَيَزِيدَهُم مِّن
فَضْلِهِ]
(and gives them increase of His bounty.) -- (this means) they intercede for
their brothers' brothers.
[وَالْكَـفِرُونَ
لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌ]
(And as for the disbelievers, theirs will be a severe torment.) -- having
mentioned the believers and the great reward that is theirs, Allah then mentions
the disbelievers and the severe, painful, agonizing torment that they will find
with Him on the Day of Resurrection, the Day when they are brought to
account.
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